{"id":"83c0d5da-c67a-5d7e-84b2-9c81b700fe41","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:josling-colds","predicate":"decreases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"The allicin-containing supplement trial recorded 24 cold episodes versus 65 with placebo.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"914f610c-af5f-5f0a-b8e4-60ba1329b6e1","mechanism_event_label":"The allicin-containing supplement trial recorded 24 cold episodes versus 65 with placebo.","subject":{"id":"5d83cca8-a673-5851-8acf-08c406077a39","slug":"garlic-supplement-josling-2001","display_name":"Allicin-containing supplement in Josling 2001","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"object":{"id":"f9e9f18f-988c-5544-b18c-4a01fe0e21c5","slug":"human-garlic-cold-incidence","display_name":"Recorded cold or flu incidence in garlic trials","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"914f610c-af5f-5f0a-b8e4-60ba1329b6e1","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:josling-colds-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"The allicin-containing supplement trial recorded 24 cold episodes versus 65 with placebo.","description":"**Cold outcomes differ by preparation.** Josling's trial randomized 146 volunteers for twelve weeks and reported fewer diary-recorded colds with an allicin-containing supplement (24 versus 65 episodes). Nantz tested 2.56 g/day aged garlic extract in 120 participants: the ninety-day cold/flu incidence difference was not significant, although some symptom and activity-impact measures improved. At forty-five days, ex vivo γδ-T-cell and NK-cell proliferation also increased. These are different interventions and endpoints, not a replication of purified allicin efficacy. Neither proves that one specific compound caused the clinical effect. [Josling 2001](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/) [Nantz 2012](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280901/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"5d83cca8-a673-5851-8acf-08c406077a39","slug":"garlic-supplement-josling-2001","display_name":"Allicin-containing supplement in Josling 2001","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Tested allicin-containing supplement","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"f9e9f18f-988c-5544-b18c-4a01fe0e21c5","slug":"human-garlic-cold-incidence","display_name":"Recorded cold or flu incidence in garlic trials","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"decrease","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, exact concentrations or species-specific attribution remain unextracted unless explicitly stated in the abstract or separately verified publisher text.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Tested allicin-containing supplement\", \"comparator\": \"Placebo\", \"endpoint\": \"The allicin-containing supplement trial recorded 24 cold episodes versus 65 with placebo.\", \"effect_direction\": \"decrease\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"146 volunteers randomized, one capsule/day for 12 weeks; self-reported diaries.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Episodes are not numbers of infected participants; not pure allicin target engagement or proof of mechanism.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The allicin-containing supplement trial recorded 24 cold episodes versus 65 with placebo.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Preventing the common cold with a garlic supplement: a double-blind, placebo-controlled survey. | 2001 | DOI 10.1007/bf02850113 | PMID 11697022 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02850113","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 95-95; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"f9ad0c89-016a-58fb-b91d-2adb89c7fe57","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 95-95","start_line":95,"end_line":95,"excerpt":"**Cold outcomes differ by preparation.** Josling's trial randomized 146 volunteers for twelve weeks and reported fewer diary-recorded colds with an allicin-containing supplement (24 versus 65 episodes). Nantz tested 2.56 g/day aged garlic extract in 120 participants: the ninety-day cold/flu incidence difference was not significant, although some symptom and activity-impact measures improved. At forty-five days, ex vivo γδ-T-cell and NK-cell proliferation also increased. These are different interventions and endpoints, not a replication of purified allicin efficacy. Neither proves that one specific compound caused the clinical effect. [Josling 2001](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/) [Nantz 2012](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280901/)","model_system":"146 volunteers randomized, one capsule/day for 12 weeks; self-reported diaries.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"10820a6b-594a-547d-97f9-906ab4cc1d6e","stable_key":"import-c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8","title":"Allicin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"2475d3eb681100a0a34577a47b7cba5b251df866fbd6ce795122ccabee360018","revision_id":"590df96d-2ed1-5763-b04c-bf0e096e603c","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}