{"id":"7fb414bb-af96-52b4-a39e-c6a4e7f11c07","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-nhe3-sodium","predicate":"increases_activity","statement":"Butyrate increased apical NHE3 protein and sodium/hydrogen exchange activity in human C2/bbe monolayers, while NHE2 did not increase.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"a61be21f-0c5e-5ef8-a5f3-072d65e29fac","mechanism_event_label":"It changed machinery that supports intestinal sodium absorption.","subject":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"ad5210f7-a9b7-51d0-843b-46a808c47271","slug":"slc9a3","display_name":"Human sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 / SLC9A3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"a61be21f-0c5e-5ef8-a5f3-072d65e29fac","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-nhe3-sodium-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"It changed machinery that supports intestinal sodium absorption.","description":"Butyrate increased apical NHE3 protein and sodium/hydrogen exchange activity in human C2/bbe monolayers, while NHE2 did not increase.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ad5210f7-a9b7-51d0-843b-46a808c47271","slug":"slc9a3","display_name":"Human sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 / SLC9A3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"38de8704-84db-5770-ac1d-242cd787e798","slug":"sodium-ion","display_name":"Sodium ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human colonic-cell exposure experiments.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"The separate pectin-fed rat arm is not an isolated human butyrate intervention or proof of net whole-body sodium retention.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"It changed machinery that supports intestinal sodium absorption.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"SCFA increase intestinal Na absorption by induction of NHE3 in rat colon and human intestinal C2/bbe cells. · 2001 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11254495/ · DOI 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.4.G687","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"8fbf6381-20ab-50ef-9eea-4849bcf7ca4d","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 150-156","start_line":150,"end_line":156,"excerpt":"## butyrate-nhe3-sodium\nIt changed machinery that supports intestinal sodium absorption.\nButyrate increased apical NHE3 protein and sodium/hydrogen exchange activity in human C2/bbe monolayers, while NHE2 did not increase.\nModel: Human colonic-cell exposure experiments.\nLimitations: The separate pectin-fed rat arm is not an isolated human butyrate intervention or proof of net whole-body sodium retention.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nSCFA increase intestinal Na absorption by induction of NHE3 in rat colon and human intestinal C2/bbe cells. · 2001 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11254495/ · DOI 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.4.G687","model_system":"Human colonic-cell exposure experiments.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"33205bb8-dcbe-5d2c-afca-86075d7748d1","stable_key":"import-104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4","title":"Butyrate: microbial production, fuel use, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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