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Metformin is not metabolised, so these are distribution rather than metabolic findings.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"metformin","display_name":"Metformin","entity_type_key":"drug"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Mouse","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The gut wall holds far more of the drug than blood does, even when the dose is given by vein.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[metformin-p8165821] Accumulation of metformin by tissues of the normal and diabetic mouse. (1994). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8165821/ DOI: 10.3109/00498259409043220","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Small intestine, stomach, colon, salivary gland, kidney, liver, heart and skeletal muscle","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"bbb5da42-12e9-516b-be95-180da6a05654","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 294-305","start_line":294,"end_line":305,"excerpt":"### metformin-intestinal-depot\nThe greatest accumulation of metformin occurred in small-intestinal tissue, exceeding 1000 micromol/kg wet weight at 0.5-2 hours, and intravenous metformin was also selectively accumulated there.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Metformin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and pharmacological exposure is not dietary intake.\nplain_language: The gut wall holds far more of the drug than blood does, even when the dose is given by vein.\norganism: Mouse\ntissue_or_cell_type: Small intestine, stomach, colon, salivary gland, kidney, liver, heart and skeletal muscle\nexperimental_model: Radiolabelled metformin tissue distribution in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic mice\nlimitations: Mouse tissue concentrations at a single dose level. Metformin is not metabolised, so these are distribution rather than metabolic findings.\nexposure: Oral metformin 50 mg/kg with 14C-metformin, and a separate intravenous study\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/metformin-research/8165821.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"60471d633165552bd5a5c4e9e5ff05686d069ceedfd367ca892828c66d116bbd\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1265, \"text_sha256\": \"60471d633165552bd5a5c4e9e5ff05686d069ceedfd367ca892828c66d116bbd\"}\n[metformin-p8165821] Accumulation of metformin by tissues of the normal and diabetic mouse. (1994). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8165821/ DOI: 10.3109/00498259409043220","model_system":"Radiolabelled metformin tissue distribution in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic mice","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [metformin-p8165821] Accumulation of metformin by tissues of the normal and diabetic mouse. (1994). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8165821/ DOI: 10.3109/00498259409043220","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"d0474bd9-7cfd-5695-a152-12f3633a6813","stable_key":"import-8b3cf083-ea9c-54f5-b42b-bf1fef5b2978","title":"Metformin: transport, molecular targets, gut mechanisms and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"0b51d0759aeeb88ac5b3a6277245a196b2bb024d7c32ec89379ed428fb06bfb5","revision_id":"0405c75e-f06e-5af7-a642-1777802f6004","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}