{"id":"6ac5c8b6-9a6e-5011-b3dd-6c2b47a1d2e3","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-hfd-cortical-cell-death","predicate":"reduces","statement":"Oral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"7e0fa4b9-d084-5c05-b5e7-f5af0bb3f82b","mechanism_event_label":"Oral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.","subject":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"31724974-2752-519c-8c7a-ec5e3caab7b8","slug":"mouse-hfd-cortical-tunel-signal","display_name":"Cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed mice","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"7e0fa4b9-d084-5c05-b5e7-f5af0bb3f82b","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-hfd-cortical-cell-death-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Oral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.","description":"Oral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"31724974-2752-519c-8c7a-ec5e3caab7b8","slug":"mouse-hfd-cortical-tunel-signal","display_name":"Cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed mice","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"High-fat diet for 10 weeks then indicaxanthin for 4 weeks; abstract reports 0.86 mg/kg/day, methods state 0.4 mg/kg twice daily","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"4 treatment weeks; eight mice/group","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Male mice with diet-induced obesity","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Dose wording differs between abstract and methods and is preserved unresolved. Changes in microbial abundance do not demonstrate measured SCFA production or microbiota-mediated causation of brain changes. Article assigned 2026 issue; earlier online indexing retained in PubMed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Male mice with diet-induced obesity","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Oral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Positive impact of indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit on high-fat diet-induced neuronal damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39314163/ DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-02039","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral indicaxanthin in water","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Cerebral cortex and gut microbiota","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"5e56c510-63e8-5cf8-8cb4-c67021fc2e8e","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 470-479","start_line":470,"end_line":479,"excerpt":"## indicaxanthin-hfd-cortical-cell-death\nOral indicaxanthin reduced cortical TUNEL-positive cells in high-fat-diet-fed male mice.\nModel/species: Male mice with diet-induced obesity\nTissue: Cerebral cortex and gut microbiota\nExposure: High-fat diet for 10 weeks then indicaxanthin for 4 weeks; abstract reports 0.86 mg/kg/day, methods state 0.4 mg/kg twice daily\nRoute: Oral indicaxanthin in water\nDuration: 4 treatment weeks; eight mice/group\nLimits: Dose wording differs between abstract and methods and is preserved unresolved. Changes in microbial abundance do not demonstrate measured SCFA production or microbiota-mediated causation of brain changes. Article assigned 2026 issue; earlier online indexing retained in PubMed.\nPrimary reference: Positive impact of indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit on high-fat diet-induced neuronal damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39314163/ DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-02039\nAccess: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.","model_system":"Male mice with diet-induced obesity","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; original paraphrase with primary citation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"18b7303c-98b7-54cb-ae8e-a8c6257657b1","stable_key":"import-c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb","title":"Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. 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