{"id":"681f85f8-415f-548c-a1c9-b2687422add5","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:rbc-garlic-redox","predicate":"decreases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"Without glucose, garlic exposure decreased the reduced-to-oxidized GSH balance while conserving total glutathione equivalents.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"9b2024a4-bb3c-58bd-a21e-fbc4fd06d6a0","mechanism_event_label":"Without glucose, garlic exposure decreased the reduced-to-oxidized GSH balance while conserving total glutathione equivalents.","subject":{"id":"400109ca-c4df-5310-b308-7ef47554080e","slug":"garlic-juice-benavides-2007","display_name":"Garlic juice tested in the 2007 erythrocyte and vessel study","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"object":{"id":"c5258bcd-e80f-5120-bbe1-29c1be0190a9","slug":"human-rbc-garlic-gsh-redox","display_name":"Erythrocyte GSH/GSSG balance during garlic-juice exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"9b2024a4-bb3c-58bd-a21e-fbc4fd06d6a0","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:rbc-garlic-redox-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Without glucose, garlic exposure decreased the reduced-to-oxidized GSH balance while conserving total glutathione equivalents.","description":"**Glucose and erythrocyte redox state.** In isolated human erythrocytes, glucose sustained sulfide production during repeated garlic-juice exposures. Without glucose, production capacity declined and the GSH/GSSG balance shifted despite conserved total glutathione equivalents. This is a resource-dependent ex vivo observation. NADPH production through the pentose-phosphate pathway was a proposed explanation, not a selective G6PD perturbation or proof of a B2-dependent clinical response. [Benavides 2007](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2084282/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"400109ca-c4df-5310-b308-7ef47554080e","slug":"garlic-juice-benavides-2007","display_name":"Garlic juice tested in the 2007 erythrocyte and vessel study","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Garlic exposure without glucose","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"c5258bcd-e80f-5120-bbe1-29c1be0190a9","slug":"human-rbc-garlic-gsh-redox","display_name":"Erythrocyte GSH/GSSG balance during garlic-juice exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"decrease","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b44c9e27-4bbb-52d3-a022-14cddded5073","slug":"glutathione","display_name":"GSH","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"reduced pool","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1d9b9d7b-3fdf-57af-b9dd-00194fa1de9e","slug":"oxidized-glutathione","display_name":"GSSG","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"oxidized pool","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8ae7848b-f172-5e09-8acf-5ca914907b0b","slug":"glucose","display_name":"D-glucose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"withheld substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text available; selected claim-relevant methods, results, tables/figures and limitations reviewed. Supplemental proteome and all secondary findings are not exhaustively extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"absent","comparator":"Garlic exposure with glucose","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"glucose","display_name":"D-glucose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"present","comparator":"Garlic exposure with glucose","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"garlic-juice-benavides-2007","display_name":"Garlic juice tested in the 2007 erythrocyte and vessel study","entity_type_key":"botanical"}},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Garlic exposure without glucose\", \"comparator\": \"Garlic exposure with glucose\", \"endpoint\": \"Without glucose, garlic exposure decreased the reduced-to-oxidized GSH balance while conserving total glutathione equivalents.\", \"effect_direction\": \"decrease\", \"combination\": \"joint\", \"conditions\": [{\"entity_slug\": \"garlic-juice-benavides-2007\", \"state\": \"present\"}, {\"entity_slug\": \"glucose\", \"state\": \"absent\"}]}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human RBC biochemical measurements; matched glucose conditions.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Redox balance change, not disappearance of all sulfur or proven nutrient deficiency in a patient.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Without glucose, garlic exposure decreased the reduced-to-oxidized GSH balance while conserving total glutathione equivalents.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Hydrogen sulfide mediates the vasoactivity of garlic. | 2007 | DOI 10.1073/pnas.0705710104 | PMID 17951430 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17951430/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2084282/ | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705710104","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 79-79; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"8ec4ad93-27ee-54ae-96a6-77a0321876af","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 79-79","start_line":79,"end_line":79,"excerpt":"**Glucose and erythrocyte redox state.** In isolated human erythrocytes, glucose sustained sulfide production during repeated garlic-juice exposures. Without glucose, production capacity declined and the GSH/GSSG balance shifted despite conserved total glutathione equivalents. This is a resource-dependent ex vivo observation. NADPH production through the pentose-phosphate pathway was a proposed explanation, not a selective G6PD perturbation or proof of a B2-dependent clinical response. [Benavides 2007](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2084282/)","model_system":"Human RBC biochemical measurements; matched glucose conditions.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"10820a6b-594a-547d-97f9-906ab4cc1d6e","stable_key":"import-c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8","title":"Allicin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"2475d3eb681100a0a34577a47b7cba5b251df866fbd6ce795122ccabee360018","revision_id":"590df96d-2ed1-5763-b04c-bf0e096e603c","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}