{"id":"65bc7360-1554-5435-8661-5042c72c80b7","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-cu-ulk1","predicate":"supports_kinase_activity_of","statement":"Direct copper interaction supported ULK1 kinase activity in the experimental system.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"a5eaeb2a-2f3c-5a1a-8f8f-5a840b9957c6","mechanism_event_label":"Copper helps regulate one enzyme that starts cellular recycling.","subject":{"id":"9f0afdde-1ec1-5c8a-bb5e-f3b2b75f67f6","slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"object":{"id":"ac6fb206-759a-576a-a30e-18d357d4b325","slug":"ulk1","display_name":"Human unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase ULK1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"a5eaeb2a-2f3c-5a1a-8f8f-5a840b9957c6","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-cu-ulk1-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"Copper helps regulate one enzyme that starts cellular recycling.","description":"Direct copper interaction supported ULK1 kinase activity in the experimental system.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9f0afdde-1ec1-5c8a-bb5e-f3b2b75f67f6","slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ac6fb206-759a-576a-a30e-18d357d4b325","slug":"ulk1","display_name":"Human unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase ULK1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/32203415.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"f248044309434e00cd35941d0e525a9c73a07e8d78eead20f7d7b6bdcb5f2915\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1077, \"text_sha256\": \"f248044309434e00cd35941d0e525a9c73a07e8d78eead20f7d7b6bdcb5f2915\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Recombinant kinase assays, genetic perturbations and lung tumor models","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Copper exposure, copper-binding mutations and Ctr1 deletion","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Preclinical molecular evidence; not proof that copper supplementation improves autophagy in healthy people or that chelation improves cancer survival.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human recombinant ULK1/ULK2 with complementary mouse systems","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Copper helps regulate one enzyme that starts cellular recycling.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[copper-p32203415] Copper is an essential regulator of the autophagic kinases ULK1/2 to drive lung adenocarcinoma. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32203415/ DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0481-4","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Autophagy signaling","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"f1b45c98-24f6-53db-b841-4853f1c10ff1","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1235-1246","start_line":1235,"end_line":1246,"excerpt":"### copper-cu-ulk1\nDirect copper interaction supported ULK1 kinase activity in the experimental system.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: Copper helps regulate one enzyme that starts cellular recycling.\norganism: Human recombinant ULK1/ULK2 with complementary mouse systems\ntissue_or_cell_type: Autophagy signaling\nexperimental_model: Recombinant kinase assays, genetic perturbations and lung tumor models\nlimitations: Preclinical molecular evidence; not proof that copper supplementation improves autophagy in healthy people or that chelation improves cancer survival.\nexposure: Copper exposure, copper-binding mutations and Ctr1 deletion\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/32203415.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"f248044309434e00cd35941d0e525a9c73a07e8d78eead20f7d7b6bdcb5f2915\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1077, \"text_sha256\": \"f248044309434e00cd35941d0e525a9c73a07e8d78eead20f7d7b6bdcb5f2915\"}\n[copper-p32203415] Copper is an essential regulator of the autophagic kinases ULK1/2 to drive lung adenocarcinoma. 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