{"id":"625e5ad4-47ed-5738-bece-bfa7320c1d4f","stable_key":"6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc:l-carnitine-bbu-coa","predicate":"with_bbuc_forms","statement":"Purified BbuB and BbuC together transferred CoA onto gamma-butyrobetaine; neither component alone reproduced the tested activity.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"1110396f-abdb-54d8-8dd4-95eaec935e75","mechanism_event_label":"The microbial route first activates its substrate with CoA.","subject":{"id":"59bf9b66-071b-5024-a709-3d195fcddc0d","slug":"e-timonensis-bbub","display_name":"Emergencia timonensis BbuB CoA-transferase component","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"c24c83c0-4378-53b7-85c5-fc4be448c79f","slug":"gamma-butyrobetainyl-coa","display_name":"Gamma-butyrobetainyl-CoA","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"1110396f-abdb-54d8-8dd4-95eaec935e75","stable_key":"6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc:l-carnitine-bbu-coa-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"The microbial route first activates its substrate with CoA.","description":"Purified BbuB and BbuC together transferred CoA onto gamma-butyrobetaine; 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recombinant expression and reconstitution.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Acetyl-CoA was preferred among tested donors; in vivo donor use can differ.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"L-Carnitine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"l-carnitine","display_name":"L-Carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The microbial route first activates its substrate with CoA.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Elucidation of an anaerobic pathway for metabolism of l-carnitine-derived γ-butyrobetaine to trimethylamine in human gut bacteria. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34362844/ · DOI 10.1073/pnas.2101498118","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"147daac0-3ce7-5c1d-b8f5-e72f253815ad","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 370-376","start_line":370,"end_line":376,"excerpt":"## l-carnitine-bbu-coa\nThe microbial route first activates its substrate with CoA.\nPurified BbuB and BbuC together transferred CoA onto gamma-butyrobetaine; neither component alone reproduced the tested activity.\nModel: E. timonensis enzymes; recombinant expression and reconstitution.\nLimitations: Acetyl-CoA was preferred among tested donors; in vivo donor use can differ.\nEvidence access: Primary full-text Figure 3 and enzyme experiments\nElucidation of an anaerobic pathway for metabolism of l-carnitine-derived γ-butyrobetaine to trimethylamine in human gut bacteria. · 2021 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34362844/ · DOI 10.1073/pnas.2101498118","model_system":"E. timonensis enzymes; recombinant expression and reconstitution.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e2c9c42b-806a-55e2-abde-b0320ea94704","stable_key":"import-6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc","title":"L-Carnitine: synthesis, acyl-group transport, fuel selection and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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