{"id":"5650f8f6-6d99-56a6-8fea-ff4d453379da","stable_key":"88eb7407-f147-558b-889b-0c89c4e0aa4a:spermidine-vesicle-transport","predicate":"transports","statement":"Purified human SLC18B1 transported spermidine into proteoliposomes by proton exchange.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"f648eab6-3d90-557c-9216-a3db4c1acf30","mechanism_event_label":"Vesicles use a proton gradient to store polyamines.","subject":{"id":"1161b6ad-19c8-52fe-ac4c-d414e56c748f","slug":"slc18b1","display_name":"Human vesicular polyamine transporter / SLC18B1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"7014993c-468f-5c6b-ab04-80c87f9dfd9f","slug":"spermidine","display_name":"Spermidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"f648eab6-3d90-557c-9216-a3db4c1acf30","stable_key":"88eb7407-f147-558b-889b-0c89c4e0aa4a:spermidine-vesicle-transport-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Vesicles use a proton gradient to store polyamines.","description":"Purified human SLC18B1 transported spermidine into proteoliposomes by proton exchange.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"1161b6ad-19c8-52fe-ac4c-d414e56c748f","slug":"slc18b1","display_name":"Human vesicular polyamine transporter / SLC18B1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7014993c-468f-5c6b-ab04-80c87f9dfd9f","slug":"spermidine","display_name":"Spermidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1ed0233a-3d10-58b3-abda-8ad04545c495","slug":"proton","display_name":"Proton","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Reconstituted purified human transporter.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Not a measurement of brain exposure after an oral supplement.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Spermidine collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"spermidine","display_name":"Spermidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Vesicles use a proton gradient to store polyamines.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Identification of a mammalian vesicular polyamine transporter. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355561/ · DOI 10.1038/srep06836","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_effect","value_text":"raises","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Recorded as transport of spermidine into proteoliposomes by proton exchange.","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_pool","value_text":"the secretory-vesicle lumen","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Recorded as transport of spermidine into proteoliposomes by proton exchange.","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"f7895364-6584-514d-bf3f-7a9a3a911a01","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 142-148","start_line":142,"end_line":148,"excerpt":"## spermidine-vesicle-transport\nVesicles use a proton gradient to store polyamines.\nPurified human SLC18B1 transported spermidine into proteoliposomes by proton exchange.\nModel: Reconstituted purified human transporter.\nLimitations: Not a measurement of brain exposure after an oral supplement.\nEvidence access: Primary full text\nIdentification of a mammalian vesicular polyamine transporter. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355561/ · DOI 10.1038/srep06836","model_system":"Reconstituted purified human transporter.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"4348f3f8-0180-58a3-b61c-55d03bb322d2","stable_key":"import-88eb7407-f147-558b-889b-0c89c4e0aa4a","title":"Spermidine: biosynthesis, hypusination, transport and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. 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