{"id":"559fbb2b-af76-5d9e-a2f7-9934dabbfb2c","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-redcell-casp3","predicate":"reduces_activation","statement":"Indicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"8db1d7fe-0034-5f3b-8c44-364416b9bc6c","mechanism_event_label":"Indicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.","subject":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"346790f2-c292-5dcf-8266-2332c41c7c38","slug":"casp3","display_name":"Human caspase-3 / CASP3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"8db1d7fe-0034-5f3b-8c44-364416b9bc6c","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-redcell-casp3-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Indicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.","description":"Indicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"346790f2-c292-5dcf-8266-2332c41c7c38","slug":"casp3","display_name":"Human caspase-3 / CASP3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Indicaxanthin 1-5 micromolar; aqueous cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"3 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract; detailed exposure for PMID 23931157 additionally checked in publisher results. No uninspected full text is claimed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-derived curation, not universally established human effects","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"An isolated-cell smoke-extract experiment does not establish protection against smoking-related disease; no direct Fas-binding assay was reported in the abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Betalains collection; each molecular form, species, exposure and preparation remains explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"betalains","display_name":"Betalains","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Indicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Indicaxanthin prevents eryptosis induced by cigarette smoke extract by interfering with active Fas-mediated signaling. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38520710/ DOI: 10.1002/biof.2051","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Ex vivo co-incubation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Erythrocyte membrane and cytosol","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"3bf1f6d3-f4fe-5d90-bb4c-63452f1ae5d0","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 467-475","start_line":467,"end_line":475,"excerpt":"## betalains-redcell-casp3\nIndicaxanthin reduced smoke-extract-induced caspase-3 cleavage and activity in red cells.\nModel/species: Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract\nTissue: Erythrocyte membrane and cytosol\nExposure: Indicaxanthin 1-5 micromolar; aqueous cigarette smoke extract\nRoute: Ex vivo co-incubation\nDuration: 3 h\nLimits: An isolated-cell smoke-extract experiment does not establish protection against smoking-related disease; no direct Fas-binding assay was reported in the abstract.\nPrimary reference: Indicaxanthin prevents eryptosis induced by cigarette smoke extract by interfering with active Fas-mediated signaling. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38520710/ DOI: 10.1002/biof.2051","model_system":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; an original paraphrase with an individually identified primary reference.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"be94d093-444c-5729-8831-bc33b0ef2fd7","stable_key":"import-cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c","title":"Betalains: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twelve primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"adb4fb8586481a69da5d2fe5cf62ad1dae2509af524352673fc7427123eeda87","revision_id":"a328b3f9-66d2-59e2-bd8f-de651c3c7649","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}