{"id":"4d92313c-1ed4-5548-a9b7-7de54cdc6aeb","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-microbial-acetate","predicate":"is_microbially_converted_to","statement":"Mouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"d98314b7-089c-5d61-88a9-aeca5ed3ef52","mechanism_event_label":"Mouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.","subject":{"id":"3c379840-5688-5b5d-84c0-5950b4fd8f17","slug":"fructose","display_name":"Fructose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"e366e758-1fb0-5573-aed1-34f6df874ac7","slug":"acetate","display_name":"Acetate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"d98314b7-089c-5d61-88a9-aeca5ed3ef52","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-microbial-acetate-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Mouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.","description":"Mouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"3c379840-5688-5b5d-84c0-5950b4fd8f17","slug":"fructose","display_name":"Fructose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"e366e758-1fb0-5573-aed1-34f6df874ac7","slug":"acetate","display_name":"Acetate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"fcbc4243-9338-5114-8df2-c56f404aa717","slug":"mouse-microbial-fructose-acetate-production","display_name":"Mouse gut-microbial acetate production from fructose","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Bolus 2 g/kg labeled fructose plus 2 g/kg glucose; interventions specified by claim","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Acute isotope sampling up to 6 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full-text methods/results and metadata inspected.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-specific curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Wild-type mice, microbiota depletion and liver Acss2-silencing experiments","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure_scope","value_text":"Component mixture","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Carbon tracing supports microbial acetate supply; antibiotic depletion is not a clinical recommendation and microbiota effects are not universal across diets.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Wild-type mice, microbiota depletion and liver Acss2-silencing experiments","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Mouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Dietary fructose feeds hepatic lipogenesis via microbiota-derived acetate. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32214246/ DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2101-7","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral gavage and experimental microbiota/gene perturbation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Portal acetate and hepatic fatty-acid labeling","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"177df317-73c4-512a-9dfd-a0c143010262","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 209-219","start_line":209,"end_line":219,"excerpt":"## hfcs-microbial-acetate\nMouse tracer experiments identified gut-microbial acetate derived from ingested fructose.\nModel/species: Wild-type mice, microbiota depletion and liver Acss2-silencing experiments\nTissue: Portal acetate and hepatic fatty-acid labeling\nExposure: Bolus 2 g/kg labeled fructose plus 2 g/kg glucose; interventions specified by claim\nRoute: Oral gavage and experimental microbiota/gene perturbation\nDuration: Acute isotope sampling up to 6 h\nExposure scope: Component mixture\nLimits: Carbon tracing supports microbial acetate supply; antibiotic depletion is not a clinical recommendation and microbiota effects are not universal across diets.\nReference: Dietary fructose feeds hepatic lipogenesis via microbiota-derived acetate. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32214246/ DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2101-7\nAccess: Primary full-text methods/results and metadata inspected.","model_system":"Wild-type mice, microbiota depletion and liver Acss2-silencing experiments","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span, not a publisher quotation; provenance retained.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e863ddf6-7c1e-5a70-8335-7f3ac3eeee92","stable_key":"import-c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736","title":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. 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