{"id":"461bb663-f8d1-53ad-aa74-c088402fc33e","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-dbh-neurotransmitter-step","predicate":"catalyzes_conversion_to","statement":"Human DBH is the copper-enzyme step converting dopamine to norepinephrine; the study resolved its catalytic-core architecture.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"f1a413bc-e605-5b21-8640-b76187d19405","mechanism_event_label":"Copper is part of the enzyme that converts one neurotransmitter into another.","subject":{"id":"b1774c54-7759-53ce-bbc3-4663c7876d1d","slug":"dbh","display_name":"Human dopamine beta-hydroxylase / DBH","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"34ab29ee-eb2b-5e51-9d25-0c1f8d5b97d9","slug":"norepinephrine","display_name":"Norepinephrine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"f1a413bc-e605-5b21-8640-b76187d19405","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-dbh-neurotransmitter-step-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"Copper is part of the enzyme that converts one neurotransmitter into another.","description":"Human DBH is the copper-enzyme step converting dopamine to norepinephrine; the study resolved its catalytic-core architecture.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9cca6209-0603-5ab7-96ad-2f3ae4b772d2","slug":"dopamine","display_name":"Dopamine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"9f0afdde-1ec1-5c8a-bb5e-f3b2b75f67f6","slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"role":"enzyme metal","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b1774c54-7759-53ce-bbc3-4663c7876d1d","slug":"dbh","display_name":"Human dopamine beta-hydroxylase / DBH","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"34ab29ee-eb2b-5e51-9d25-0c1f8d5b97d9","slug":"norepinephrine","display_name":"Norepinephrine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/27152332.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"984a9036d5157e29cdef55d42201887d3ff43cf533185148ba4e3f5c143ced09\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1325, \"text_sha256\": \"984a9036d5157e29cdef55d42201887d3ff43cf533185148ba4e3f5c143ced09\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human DBH X-ray crystallography","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Crystal structure at 2.9 angstrom resolution","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Open and closed conformations were observed; the proposed catalytic alternation and fully occupied binuclear states require further evidence. Do not equate a structural model with proof of psychiatric effects from copper intake.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human protein","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Copper is part of the enzyme that converts one neurotransmitter into another.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[copper-p27152332] The crystal structure of human dopamine β-hydroxylase at 2.9 Å resolution. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27152332/ DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500980","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Purified dimeric enzyme","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"3a9547c6-8c25-5d23-98e6-dec389eedf47","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1079-1090","start_line":1079,"end_line":1090,"excerpt":"### copper-dbh-neurotransmitter-step\nHuman DBH is the copper-enzyme step converting dopamine to norepinephrine; the study resolved its catalytic-core architecture.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: Copper is part of the enzyme that converts one neurotransmitter into another.\norganism: Human protein\ntissue_or_cell_type: Purified dimeric enzyme\nexperimental_model: Human DBH X-ray crystallography\nlimitations: Open and closed conformations were observed; the proposed catalytic alternation and fully occupied binuclear states require further evidence. Do not equate a structural model with proof of psychiatric effects from copper intake.\nexposure: Crystal structure at 2.9 angstrom resolution\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/27152332.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"984a9036d5157e29cdef55d42201887d3ff43cf533185148ba4e3f5c143ced09\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1325, \"text_sha256\": \"984a9036d5157e29cdef55d42201887d3ff43cf533185148ba4e3f5c143ced09\"}\n[copper-p27152332] The crystal structure of human dopamine β-hydroxylase at 2.9 Å resolution. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27152332/ DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500980","model_system":"Human DBH X-ray crystallography","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [copper-p27152332] The crystal structure of human dopamine β-hydroxylase at 2.9 Å resolution. (2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27152332/ DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500980","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"9afba495-cbdc-51aa-998e-70a930dba3be","stable_key":"import-0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783","title":"Copper: transport, cuproenzymes, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"84b0f62b2dae6835fa26902be87625c003c6c707492d3007e8f9d15420669008","revision_id":"d7e35b8b-3f77-56d9-90b5-5f542c63f321","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}