{"id":"426d8b39-b69d-5910-88a0-d5dd8f852e7a","stable_key":"b7014def-74ec-599e-8347-167e24fec1f0:glutamate-mitochondrial-gc1","predicate":"transports","statement":"Reconstituted human glutamate carrier 1 supported glutamate transport coupled to a proton gradient.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"3f55c4ec-2cf2-55b0-b3a7-05ce0323a734","mechanism_event_label":"Cytosolic glutamate needs a carrier to reach mitochondrial reactions.","subject":{"id":"b5c995ba-9aa1-5aad-ae2a-11c0c22f68f7","slug":"slc25a22","display_name":"Human mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 / SLC25A22","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"7da684a4-2641-5bc6-93ae-8c6aa384e487","slug":"glutamate","display_name":"L-Glutamate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"3f55c4ec-2cf2-55b0-b3a7-05ce0323a734","stable_key":"b7014def-74ec-599e-8347-167e24fec1f0:glutamate-mitochondrial-gc1-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Cytosolic glutamate needs a carrier to reach mitochondrial reactions.","description":"Reconstituted human glutamate carrier 1 supported glutamate transport coupled to a proton gradient.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"b5c995ba-9aa1-5aad-ae2a-11c0c22f68f7","slug":"slc25a22","display_name":"Human mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 / SLC25A22","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7da684a4-2641-5bc6-93ae-8c6aa384e487","slug":"glutamate","display_name":"L-Glutamate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human carrier expressed in E. coli and reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Glutamate/H+ cotransport and glutamate/OH− exchange are alternative descriptions in this assay; this is not the aspartate/glutamate exchanger.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"L-Glutamate collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"glutamate","display_name":"L-Glutamate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Cytosolic glutamate needs a carrier to reach mitochondrial reactions.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Identification of the mitochondrial glutamate transporter. Bacterial expression, reconstitution, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of two human isoforms. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11897791/ · DOI 10.1074/jbc.M201572200","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_effect","value_text":"depends","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"The record names the proton coupling and not which way glutamate crossed the membrane.","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_pool","value_text":"the mitochondrial matrix","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"The record names the proton coupling and not which way glutamate crossed the membrane.","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"3d9e8e26-267e-51d6-a47e-467e2b3c7166","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 82-88","start_line":82,"end_line":88,"excerpt":"## glutamate-mitochondrial-gc1\nCytosolic glutamate needs a carrier to reach mitochondrial reactions.\nReconstituted human glutamate carrier 1 supported glutamate transport coupled to a proton gradient.\nModel: Human carrier expressed in E. coli and reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles.\nLimitations: Glutamate/H+ cotransport and glutamate/OH− exchange are alternative descriptions in this assay; this is not the aspartate/glutamate exchanger.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nIdentification of the mitochondrial glutamate transporter. Bacterial expression, reconstitution, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of two human isoforms. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11897791/ · DOI 10.1074/jbc.M201572200","model_system":"Human carrier expressed in E. coli and reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"c6a55239-e808-5ed7-9fa3-755a18ecb29f","stable_key":"import-b7014def-74ec-599e-8347-167e24fec1f0","title":"L-Glutamate / L-glutamic acid: carbon and nitrogen allocation, signaling and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. 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