{"id":"403ed03d-3b77-569e-bb18-4024cdb649f7","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-liver-fat","predicate":"increases_from_baseline","statement":"The HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"8603c292-bd7b-51d6-9a58-f67a1bf7794b","mechanism_event_label":"The HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.","subject":{"id":"9e77d6b7-d2b2-5fd5-a42a-6c4ff1885abf","slug":"hfcs-55","display_name":"HFCS-55","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"c897f9af-e3c8-5626-96a1-71bcdc16cad4","slug":"human-hepatic-lipid-content","display_name":"Human hepatic lipid content measured by imaging","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"8603c292-bd7b-51d6-9a58-f67a1bf7794b","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-liver-fat-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"The HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.","description":"The HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9e77d6b7-d2b2-5fd5-a42a-6c4ff1885abf","slug":"hfcs-55","display_name":"HFCS-55","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"c897f9af-e3c8-5626-96a1-71bcdc16cad4","slug":"human-hepatic-lipid-content","display_name":"Human hepatic lipid content measured by imaging","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"832b1926-18e7-5b76-8dc4-bad8ed234645","slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"HFCS-55 or sucrose at 25% energy requirement versus aspartame; HFCS n=28, sucrose n=24, control n=23","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"16 days of beverages, approximately 2 weeks","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full-text methods/results and metadata inspected.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-specific curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"75 adults in nonrandomized double-blinded matched beverage groups","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure_scope","value_text":"Direct HFCS-55 comparison","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"No random assignment; 66 paired MRI scans, including 23 HFCS. Liver-fat HFCS significance was versus baseline, not established versus aspartame. No detected HFCS-sucrose difference is not universal equivalence. HFCS/control lipid data overlap PMID 25904601.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"75 adults in nonrandomized double-blinded matched beverage groups","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Consuming Sucrose- or HFCS-sweetened Beverages Increases Hepatic Lipid and Decreases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34265055/ DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab508","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral 3 servings/day; usual diet outpatient, isocaloric substitutions during inpatient testing","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"MRI liver fat, oral-glucose-derived sensitivity, plasma markers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"e2c91282-556c-5069-bc6f-456023c90c82","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 317-327","start_line":317,"end_line":327,"excerpt":"## hfcs-liver-fat\nThe HFCS group showed a 0.4 +/- 0.2 percentage-point increase in hepatic lipid from baseline; its direct contrast with aspartame was not significant.\nModel/species: 75 adults in nonrandomized double-blinded matched beverage groups\nTissue: MRI liver fat, oral-glucose-derived sensitivity, plasma markers\nExposure: HFCS-55 or sucrose at 25% energy requirement versus aspartame; HFCS n=28, sucrose n=24, control n=23\nRoute: Oral 3 servings/day; usual diet outpatient, isocaloric substitutions during inpatient testing\nDuration: 16 days of beverages, approximately 2 weeks\nExposure scope: Direct HFCS-55 comparison\nLimits: No random assignment; 66 paired MRI scans, including 23 HFCS. Liver-fat HFCS significance was versus baseline, not established versus aspartame. No detected HFCS-sucrose difference is not universal equivalence. HFCS/control lipid data overlap PMID 25904601.\nReference: Consuming Sucrose- or HFCS-sweetened Beverages Increases Hepatic Lipid and Decreases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34265055/ DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab508\nAccess: Primary full-text methods/results and metadata inspected.","model_system":"75 adults in nonrandomized double-blinded matched beverage groups","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span, not a publisher quotation; provenance retained.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e863ddf6-7c1e-5a70-8335-7f3ac3eeee92","stable_key":"import-c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736","title":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"f4721923a83b368d549ba110a4f8c8738026210b32f6d29f3bd3200aa420f3b3","revision_id":"45827d73-cb6d-5aff-969b-af364b74b168","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}