{"id":"3f872f72-333a-5243-9616-56697f003b68","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-chamomile-pk","predicate":"reported_relationship","statement":"Chamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"7f7815f1-8c47-5f17-b85f-e4b47a6d9d0b","mechanism_event_label":"Chamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.","subject":{"id":"0f5f84f2-906a-5a3d-8b15-01e9aad44af8","slug":"chamomile-tea-apigenin-pk-2022","display_name":"Chamomile tea in the 2022 apigenin metabolism study","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"object":{"id":"5f06e339-09cd-5beb-8796-faf1933f8463","slug":"apigenin-human-urinary-conjugates","display_name":"Human urinary apigenin conjugate recovery","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"7f7815f1-8c47-5f17-b85f-e4b47a6d9d0b","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-chamomile-pk-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Chamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.","description":"### api-chamomile-pk\n\nChamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.\nSection 3.3.4. The different glycoside and food matrix preclude equating this with a parent capsule.\nModel and exposure: Four men; tea containing 13.4 micromoles apigenin 7-O-glucoside and 1.2 micromoles parent.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of apigenin and its glycosides in healthy male adults. | 2022 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35452808/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.007 | Access: Full original primary-paper PDF, Methods, Results and Tables 1–7 reviewed; authentic-standard HPLC-MS analysis. PDF obtained from a public mirror; DOI and article identity verified.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"0f5f84f2-906a-5a3d-8b15-01e9aad44af8","slug":"chamomile-tea-apigenin-pk-2022","display_name":"Chamomile tea in the 2022 apigenin metabolism study","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"recorded factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"as reported","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"5f06e339-09cd-5beb-8796-faf1933f8463","slug":"apigenin-human-urinary-conjugates","display_name":"Human urinary apigenin conjugate recovery","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"not_reported","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"bc63936e-347a-585a-978f-a5ad0465b77d","slug":"apigenin-7-glucoside","display_name":"Apigenin 7-O-glucoside / apigetrin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"ingested glycoside","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"4425961f-4764-56d3-9887-87e47749379b","slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"minor ingested constituent","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"070686a8-425a-59da-b2d4-cacd7f73b711","slug":"apigenin-4-prime-glucuronide","display_name":"Apigenin 4′-O-glucuronide","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"plasma product","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"362acc8e-822f-59c4-abbc-e1f9f5b1bbe4","slug":"apigenin-7-sulfate","display_name":"Apigenin 7-O-sulfate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"plasma product","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":5,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Full original primary-paper PDF, Methods, Results and Tables 1–7 reviewed; authentic-standard HPLC-MS analysis. PDF obtained from a public mirror; DOI and article identity verified.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Four men; tea containing 13.4 micromoles apigenin 7-O-glucoside and 1.2 micromoles parent.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Apigenin collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Chamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of apigenin and its glycosides in healthy male adults. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35452808/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.007","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference api-chamomile-pk; Section 3.3.4. The different glycoside and food matrix preclude equating this with a parent capsule.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"e64373df-4d13-5057-b9db-c18757d84930","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 77-83","start_line":77,"end_line":83,"excerpt":"### api-chamomile-pk\n\nChamomile tea produced the same two plasma conjugates with observed peaks at 2 hours and approximately 34% urinary recovery of measured metabolites over 24 hours.\nSection 3.3.4. The different glycoside and food matrix preclude equating this with a parent capsule.\nModel and exposure: Four men; tea containing 13.4 micromoles apigenin 7-O-glucoside and 1.2 micromoles parent.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of apigenin and its glycosides in healthy male adults. | 2022 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35452808/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.007 | Access: Full original primary-paper PDF, Methods, Results and Tables 1–7 reviewed; authentic-standard HPLC-MS analysis. PDF obtained from a public mirror; DOI and article identity verified.","model_system":"Four men; tea containing 13.4 micromoles apigenin 7-O-glucoside and 1.2 micromoles parent.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"54eac90b-add1-5f56-9036-d900307c5697","stable_key":"import-ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967","title":"Apigenin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"ede6e5c6b91d66b66844f2ff667a7f8303d9ac1281f15dc09db703f7de4da942","revision_id":"b41a39a2-0197-549c-97a5-1765e6696931","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}