{"id":"3f826106-92a9-5568-bb4b-aa4e12483012","stable_key":"08ce9896-9d1c-5bbf-b705-5bfe771091d5:b7-drug-3hia","predicate":"associated_with_higher","statement":"The carbamazepine/phenytoin group had higher urinary 3-HIA, but only one child in that group had low urinary biotin.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"bd5c2800-6125-5aa5-9594-3cfa83284e9a","mechanism_event_label":"Different biotin-status markers did not give the same answer in these children.","subject":{"id":"d27e1c8d-5553-5fd7-a597-0ee2fd0be449","slug":"carbamazepine","display_name":"Carbamazepine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"ebbcb656-4274-5f50-a1be-9d69df5e3434","slug":"human-urinary-3hia","display_name":"Human urinary 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid excretion","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"bd5c2800-6125-5aa5-9594-3cfa83284e9a","stable_key":"08ce9896-9d1c-5bbf-b705-5bfe771091d5:b7-drug-3hia-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"Different biotin-status markers did not give the same answer in these children.","description":"The carbamazepine/phenytoin group had higher urinary 3-HIA, but only one child in that group had low urinary biotin.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"0370c540-f954-55d0-b782-49514ae31fed","slug":"phenytoin","display_name":"Phenytoin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"co-exposure category","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"37a8e96b-f95b-5ba7-a0bc-8ed3cfaf5fd8","slug":"biotin","display_name":"Biotin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"nutrient under assessment","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d27e1c8d-5553-5fd7-a597-0ee2fd0be449","slug":"carbamazepine","display_name":"Carbamazepine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ebbcb656-4274-5f50-a1be-9d69df5e3434","slug":"human-urinary-3hia","display_name":"Human urinary 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid excretion","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"availability_state","value_text":"biomarker_context","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Imported condition classification; unverified.","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/biotin-research/9523856.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"a337d853fbf3d26e053dfd6d17b2e1729c993a0501563d0524ebbee7b44d5136\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1876, \"text_sha256\": \"a337d853fbf3d26e053dfd6d17b2e1729c993a0501563d0524ebbee7b44d5136\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Observational urine comparison: 7 children receiving carbamazepine/phenytoin, 6 phenobarbital, 16 controls","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Long-term anticonvulsant treatment","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Untimed urine, small nonrandomized groups and discordant markers limit diagnosis; faster turnover is not a universal deficiency diagnosis.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Biotin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"biotin","display_name":"Biotin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Homo sapiens","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Different biotin-status markers did not give the same answer in these children.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[b7-p9523856] Disturbances in biotin metabolism in children undergoing long-term anticonvulsant therapy. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9523856/ DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199803000-00002","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Urine","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"trigger_kind","value_text":"biomarker_context","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Imported condition classification; unverified.","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"b5d3fb58-9fc7-578d-86cc-b3f53f7d97ee","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 312-323","start_line":312,"end_line":323,"excerpt":"### b7-drug-3hia\nThe carbamazepine/phenytoin group had higher urinary 3-HIA, but only one child in that group had low urinary biotin.\nCondition category: biomarker_context\nnutrient_topic: Biotin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: Different biotin-status markers did not give the same answer in these children.\norganism: Homo sapiens\ntissue_or_cell_type: Urine\nexperimental_model: Observational urine comparison: 7 children receiving carbamazepine/phenytoin, 6 phenobarbital, 16 controls\nlimitations: Untimed urine, small nonrandomized groups and discordant markers limit diagnosis; faster turnover is not a universal deficiency diagnosis.\nexposure: Long-term anticonvulsant treatment\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/biotin-research/9523856.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"a337d853fbf3d26e053dfd6d17b2e1729c993a0501563d0524ebbee7b44d5136\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1876, \"text_sha256\": \"a337d853fbf3d26e053dfd6d17b2e1729c993a0501563d0524ebbee7b44d5136\"}\n[b7-p9523856] Disturbances in biotin metabolism in children undergoing long-term anticonvulsant therapy. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9523856/ DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199803000-00002","model_system":"Observational urine comparison: 7 children receiving carbamazepine/phenytoin, 6 phenobarbital, 16 controls","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [b7-p9523856] Disturbances in biotin metabolism in children undergoing long-term anticonvulsant therapy. (1998). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9523856/ DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199803000-00002","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"9608806b-adb6-5a35-b042-057147135642","stable_key":"import-08ce9896-9d1c-5bbf-b705-5bfe771091d5","title":"Biotin: carboxylases, recycling, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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