{"id":"3f4ada94-d400-5449-b9e5-258c741843ac","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-copper-homocysteine-folate","predicate":"high_intake_associated_with_changes_in","statement":"High copper intake in nine men produced small decreases in plasma homocysteine and folate, without changes in B12 or PLP measures.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"ac12aac5-75ad-59b2-a233-3fd717fdb7db","mechanism_event_label":"Several vitamin-related blood markers shifted, but that does not identify a new copper-dependent methylation enzyme.","subject":{"id":"9f0afdde-1ec1-5c8a-bb5e-f3b2b75f67f6","slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"object":{"id":"5b635b42-bc0d-5c54-aa94-9cf76cd0ed47","slug":"homocysteine","display_name":"Homocysteine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"ac12aac5-75ad-59b2-a233-3fd717fdb7db","stable_key":"0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783:copper-copper-homocysteine-folate-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"Several vitamin-related blood markers shifted, but that does not identify a new copper-dependent methylation enzyme.","description":"High copper intake in nine men produced small decreases in plasma homocysteine and folate, without changes in B12 or PLP measures.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e176a266-711e-5469-89da-3fb2d3f244ad","slug":"folate","display_name":"Folate (vitamin B9)","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"measured nutrient marker","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b6d9b937-895d-5e0a-8cc5-0454a0b7d373","slug":"vitamin-b12","display_name":"Vitamin B12 (cobalamins)","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"unchanged marker","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"6b656ff5-9532-5da4-8eea-8ca163a48649","slug":"pyridoxal-phosphate","display_name":"PLP","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"unchanged marker","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"9f0afdde-1ec1-5c8a-bb5e-f3b2b75f67f6","slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"5b635b42-bc0d-5c54-aa94-9cf76cd0ed47","slug":"homocysteine","display_name":"Homocysteine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/15325682.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"4b6a41a9645d006de2098c2ca83f5aaeab2f1d4d76608b1131dc47d0e2e4148a\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1606, \"text_sha256\": \"4b6a41a9645d006de2098c2ca83f5aaeab2f1d4d76608b1131dc47d0e2e4148a\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Long-duration high-copper feeding study","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Nine men; prolonged high copper intake including 7 mg/day supplementation phase","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Small intervention with biomarker outcomes; it does not establish copper as a human methionine-synthase cofactor, B-vitamin depletion, or benefit from high copper intake.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"copper","display_name":"Copper","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human young men","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Several vitamin-related blood markers shifted, but that does not identify a new copper-dependent methylation enzyme.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[copper-p15325682] Effect of long-term, high-copper intake on the concentrations of plasma homocysteine and B vitamins in young men. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15325682/ DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.05.011","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Plasma homocysteine, folate, B12 and PLP","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"7f21ca85-74ee-516b-b319-0570fba2f2ba","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1183-1194","start_line":1183,"end_line":1194,"excerpt":"### copper-copper-homocysteine-folate\nHigh copper intake in nine men produced small decreases in plasma homocysteine and folate, without changes in B12 or PLP measures.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: Several vitamin-related blood markers shifted, but that does not identify a new copper-dependent methylation enzyme.\norganism: Human young men\ntissue_or_cell_type: Plasma homocysteine, folate, B12 and PLP\nexperimental_model: Long-duration high-copper feeding study\nlimitations: Small intervention with biomarker outcomes; it does not establish copper as a human methionine-synthase cofactor, B-vitamin depletion, or benefit from high copper intake.\nexposure: Nine men; prolonged high copper intake including 7 mg/day supplementation phase\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/copper-research/15325682.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"4b6a41a9645d006de2098c2ca83f5aaeab2f1d4d76608b1131dc47d0e2e4148a\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1606, \"text_sha256\": \"4b6a41a9645d006de2098c2ca83f5aaeab2f1d4d76608b1131dc47d0e2e4148a\"}\n[copper-p15325682] Effect of long-term, high-copper intake on the concentrations of plasma homocysteine and B vitamins in young men. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15325682/ DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.05.011","model_system":"Long-duration high-copper feeding study","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [copper-p15325682] Effect of long-term, high-copper intake on the concentrations of plasma homocysteine and B vitamins in young men. (2004). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15325682/ DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.05.011","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"9afba495-cbdc-51aa-998e-70a930dba3be","stable_key":"import-0ad8610d-d575-5870-b7cd-763a9f750783","title":"Copper: transport, cuproenzymes, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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