{"id":"3b3f6518-b714-5123-b053-838af826fc25","stable_key":"b26c9d01-98fd-50d3-8f39-44db46961ee5:acetate-vinegar-dose-response","predicate":"reduces","statement":"A significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 minutes for blood glucose and serum insulin, the higher the acetic acid level the lower the metabolic responses, though the glycaemic and insulinaemic index lowering was significant when calculated on the 90 minute incremental area and the corresponding 120 minute values did not differ from the reference meal.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"d121873c-c652-578e-bb99-7ff290477677","mechanism_event_label":"More acid meant a smaller glucose and insulin rise, and the effect is on the first hour and a half rather than the whole curve.","subject":{"id":"236303ab-c590-5e01-bace-9f2cf05fa6fa","slug":"acetic-acid","display_name":"Acetic acid","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"a9f67f96-0440-5a54-91b7-1adfc968d2e5","slug":"postprandial-glucose-response","display_name":"Postprandial blood glucose response","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"d121873c-c652-578e-bb99-7ff290477677","stable_key":"b26c9d01-98fd-50d3-8f39-44db46961ee5:acetate-vinegar-dose-response-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"More acid meant a smaller glucose and insulin rise, and the effect is on the first hour and a half rather than the whole curve.","description":"A significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 minutes for blood glucose and serum insulin, the higher the acetic acid level the lower the metabolic responses, though the glycaemic and insulinaemic index lowering was significant when calculated on the 90 minute incremental area and the corresponding 120 minute values did not differ from the reference meal.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"1186c10e-1895-5104-9e64-23214afdd6e5","slug":"postprandial-insulin-response","display_name":"Postprandial insulin response","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"co_measured","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"886cd6fb-dfc5-5aa3-a6db-9cf36000fd50","slug":"white-bread-meal","display_name":"White wheat bread reference meal","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"reference_meal","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"236303ab-c590-5e01-bace-9f2cf05fa6fa","slug":"acetic-acid","display_name":"Acetic acid","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"a9f67f96-0440-5a54-91b7-1adfc968d2e5","slug":"postprandial-glucose-response","display_name":"Postprandial blood glucose response","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/acetate-research/16015276.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"6ab7baf7d6544a409fc34e34b0a51ba924332938e1467dbbf8323789c3f7d6d3\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2189, \"text_sha256\": \"6ab7baf7d6544a409fc34e34b0a51ba924332938e1467dbbf8323789c3f7d6d3\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Randomised crossover in twelve healthy volunteers with three graded vinegar doses","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Vinegar supplying 18, 23 or 28 mmol acetic acid with white wheat bread containing 50 g available carbohydrate","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"A dose-response design. The glycaemic and insulinaemic index lowering was significant on the 90 minute incremental area but not on the 120 minute area, so the effect is on the early part of the curve.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"acetic-acid","display_name":"Acetic acid","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"More acid meant a smaller glucose and insulin rise, and the effect is on the first hour and a half rather than the whole curve.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[acetate-p16015276] Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16015276/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602197","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Whole body","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"f9edd94b-6745-5749-a6b1-c21d13bed9c7","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 134-145","start_line":134,"end_line":145,"excerpt":"### acetate-vinegar-dose-response\nA significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 minutes for blood glucose and serum insulin, the higher the acetic acid level the lower the metabolic responses, though the glycaemic and insulinaemic index lowering was significant when calculated on the 90 minute incremental area and the corresponding 120 minute values did not differ from the reference meal.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion.\nplain_language: More acid meant a smaller glucose and insulin rise, and the effect is on the first hour and a half rather than the whole curve.\norganism: Human\ntissue_or_cell_type: Whole body\nexperimental_model: Randomised crossover in twelve healthy volunteers with three graded vinegar doses\nlimitations: A dose-response design. The glycaemic and insulinaemic index lowering was significant on the 90 minute incremental area but not on the 120 minute area, so the effect is on the early part of the curve.\nexposure: Vinegar supplying 18, 23 or 28 mmol acetic acid with white wheat bread containing 50 g available carbohydrate\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/acetate-research/16015276.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"6ab7baf7d6544a409fc34e34b0a51ba924332938e1467dbbf8323789c3f7d6d3\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2189, \"text_sha256\": \"6ab7baf7d6544a409fc34e34b0a51ba924332938e1467dbbf8323789c3f7d6d3\"}\n[acetate-p16015276] Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16015276/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602197","model_system":"Randomised crossover in twelve healthy volunteers with three graded vinegar doses","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [acetate-p16015276] Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16015276/ DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602197","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"8356baaf-173c-5549-80cd-bbbb2007ffb5","stable_key":"import-b26c9d01-98fd-50d3-8f39-44db46961ee5","title":"Acetic acid: the ingested acid, the receptors acetate binds, the acetyl-CoA it becomes, and the acetyl groups that reach histones (2026-09-21)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"1441d249b16db25c0d488407e5cc881222acffc2f16af88cb3197d9d5697bccc","revision_id":"9bfeb605-f589-5e99-84b9-e56968a3bc1f","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}