{"id":"39a78ec5-d2ba-5ae4-9802-bb1b92833237","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:human-nantz-gammadelta-proliferation","predicate":"increases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"Aged garlic extract increased the reported ex vivo immune-cell proliferation readout after 45 days.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"eaa3bb59-d380-5c03-92e9-71363123c76b","mechanism_event_label":"Aged garlic extract increased the reported ex vivo immune-cell proliferation readout after 45 days.","subject":{"id":"835615f7-1a22-5169-b091-f7cf95f9e9c5","slug":"aged-garlic-nantz-2012","display_name":"Aged garlic extract in Nantz 2012","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"object":{"id":"d04d5695-e602-5c86-95cd-bd1f1bccd346","slug":"human-nantz-gammadelta-proliferation","display_name":"Ex vivo gamma-delta T-cell proliferation in Nantz 2012","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"eaa3bb59-d380-5c03-92e9-71363123c76b","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:human-nantz-gammadelta-proliferation-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Aged garlic extract increased the reported ex vivo immune-cell proliferation readout after 45 days.","description":"**Cold outcomes differ by preparation.** Josling's trial randomized 146 volunteers for twelve weeks and reported fewer diary-recorded colds with an allicin-containing supplement (24 versus 65 episodes). Nantz tested 2.56 g/day aged garlic extract in 120 participants: the ninety-day cold/flu incidence difference was not significant, although some symptom and activity-impact measures improved. At forty-five days, ex vivo γδ-T-cell and NK-cell proliferation also increased. These are different interventions and endpoints, not a replication of purified allicin efficacy. Neither proves that one specific compound caused the clinical effect. [Josling 2001](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/) [Nantz 2012](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280901/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"835615f7-1a22-5169-b091-f7cf95f9e9c5","slug":"aged-garlic-nantz-2012","display_name":"Aged garlic extract in Nantz 2012","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Aged garlic extract 2.56 g/day","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d04d5695-e602-5c86-95cd-bd1f1bccd346","slug":"human-nantz-gammadelta-proliferation","display_name":"Ex vivo gamma-delta T-cell proliferation in Nantz 2012","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"increase","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, exact concentrations or species-specific attribution remain unextracted unless explicitly stated in the abstract or separately verified publisher text.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Aged garlic extract 2.56 g/day\", \"comparator\": \"Placebo\", \"endpoint\": \"Aged garlic extract increased the reported ex vivo immune-cell proliferation readout after 45 days.\", \"effect_direction\": \"increase\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human randomized AGE study; separate gamma-delta T-cell and NK-cell proliferation assays.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Measured cell-function endpoint; not proof it mediated the illness outcomes or was caused by allicin.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Aged garlic extract increased the reported ex vivo immune-cell proliferation readout after 45 days.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Supplementation with aged garlic extract improves both NK and γδ-T cell function and reduces the severity of cold and flu symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled nutrition intervention. | 2012 | DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.11.019 | PMID 22280901 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280901/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2011.11.019","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 95-95; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"d06b53f9-ede2-5d67-a9eb-677753c1c1ef","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 95-95","start_line":95,"end_line":95,"excerpt":"**Cold outcomes differ by preparation.** Josling's trial randomized 146 volunteers for twelve weeks and reported fewer diary-recorded colds with an allicin-containing supplement (24 versus 65 episodes). Nantz tested 2.56 g/day aged garlic extract in 120 participants: the ninety-day cold/flu incidence difference was not significant, although some symptom and activity-impact measures improved. At forty-five days, ex vivo γδ-T-cell and NK-cell proliferation also increased. These are different interventions and endpoints, not a replication of purified allicin efficacy. Neither proves that one specific compound caused the clinical effect. [Josling 2001](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/) [Nantz 2012](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280901/)","model_system":"Human randomized AGE study; separate gamma-delta T-cell and NK-cell proliferation assays.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. 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