{"id":"32c6f524-301b-5172-b688-f47f1a678b4a","stable_key":"6660bba2-4fa0-590a-bf52-9803a24bea9f:food-delay","predicate":"context_dependent_observation","statement":"Food delayed modafinil peak concentration by about one hour without reducing overall exposure.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"b2e1638d-d30e-543f-8603-a298f3732230","mechanism_event_label":"Food delayed modafinil peak concentration by about one hour without reducing overall exposure.","subject":{"id":"624e6a4b-f96d-5d12-8206-30d1e1715c26","slug":"modafinil","display_name":"Modafinil","entity_type_key":"drug"},"object":{"id":"64c31631-1ad5-5539-bc59-9533a802fcdb","slug":"human-modafinil-exposure","display_name":"Human modafinil plasma exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"b2e1638d-d30e-543f-8603-a298f3732230","stable_key":"6660bba2-4fa0-590a-bf52-9803a24bea9f:food-delay-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Food delayed modafinil peak concentration by about one hour without reducing overall exposure.","description":"Food can delay peak concentration by about an hour without reducing overall exposure. Metabolism includes hydrolytic deamidation to modafinil acid and S-oxidation to modafinil sulfone; these major metabolites do not appear to explain central arousal. CYP involvement in metabolism and effects on other drugs' CYP-mediated clearance are separate questions. [Official pharmacokinetics](https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3b8d1c32-dac9-50e6-e063-6394a90aa5a5)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"624e6a4b-f96d-5d12-8206-30d1e1715c26","slug":"modafinil","display_name":"Modafinil","entity_type_key":"drug"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Fed oral modafinil","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"64c31631-1ad5-5539-bc59-9533a802fcdb","slug":"human-modafinil-exposure","display_name":"Human modafinil plasma exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"mixed","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Official label description, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, indications, interactions and relevant warnings checked.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Fed oral modafinil\", \"comparator\": \"Fasted oral modafinil\", \"endpoint\": \"Food delayed modafinil peak concentration by about one hour without reducing overall exposure.\", \"effect_direction\": \"mixed\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human oral pharmacokinetics in official product label; time to peak and AUC are different measures.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Interpret only within the recorded preparation, exposure and comparator. The complete source passage retains qualifications; unspecified doses/timing have not been extracted here. No clinical efficacy, nutrient deficiency or unique molecular mediation is inferred.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Food delayed modafinil peak concentration by about one hour without reducing overall exposure.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"PROVIGIL U.S. prescribing information | https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3b8d1c32-dac9-50e6-e063-6394a90aa5a5","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 21-21; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"f16c1cb0-37af-556f-a225-72c6244ca21e","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 21-21","start_line":21,"end_line":21,"excerpt":"Food can delay peak concentration by about an hour without reducing overall exposure. Metabolism includes hydrolytic deamidation to modafinil acid and S-oxidation to modafinil sulfone; these major metabolites do not appear to explain central arousal. CYP involvement in metabolism and effects on other drugs' CYP-mediated clearance are separate questions. [Official pharmacokinetics](https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3b8d1c32-dac9-50e6-e063-6394a90aa5a5)","model_system":"Human oral pharmacokinetics in official product label; time to peak and AUC are different measures.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"17a64928-eaa2-5117-ba4f-52dcbdf9cc9e","stable_key":"import-6660bba2-4fa0-590a-bf52-9803a24bea9f","title":"Modafinil: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 3 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"006008cb4cfd183dd3b0846d3abc66c8ebf40cf1b6bd1f0bcdb4f4d937a8e115","revision_id":"c85b3e2e-c18a-59fc-9e79-5c375e64d119","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}