{"id":"2d2829ec-6883-5b99-a1f8-42edced9e72a","stable_key":"b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4:lithium-nact-affinity","predicate":"changes_kinetics_of","statement":"Lithium shifted human NaCT toward higher substrate affinity and lower transport capacity.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"596a2a03-92ce-5882-8f1a-e6fadd9fa140","mechanism_event_label":"A stronger apparent response can coexist with a lower maximum rate.","subject":{"id":"13b4b09c-4581-58f6-9792-9a78125963e8","slug":"lithium-ion","display_name":"Lithium ion (Li+)","entity_type_key":"ion"},"object":{"id":"68eeb90a-bbc5-5bc8-8346-31029ed0d815","slug":"slc13a5","display_name":"Human sodium-coupled citrate transporter / SLC13A5","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"596a2a03-92ce-5882-8f1a-e6fadd9fa140","stable_key":"b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4:lithium-nact-affinity-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"A stronger apparent response can coexist with a lower maximum rate.","description":"Lithium shifted human NaCT toward higher substrate affinity and lower transport capacity.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"13b4b09c-4581-58f6-9792-9a78125963e8","slug":"lithium-ion","display_name":"Lithium ion (Li+)","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"68eeb90a-bbc5-5bc8-8346-31029ed0d815","slug":"slc13a5","display_name":"Human sodium-coupled citrate transporter / SLC13A5","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8e2e3902-5e26-52e3-9c85-1d7c0ace1637","slug":"lithium","display_name":"Lithium","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1c54abac-4dfd-5303-b0f4-37945245e18e","slug":"citrate","display_name":"Citrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"38de8704-84db-5770-ac1d-242cd787e798","slug":"sodium-ion","display_name":"Sodium ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Cloned human transporter kinetic analysis.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Net flux depends on citrate and ion concentrations; not unconditional stimulation at every substrate level.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Lithium collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"lithium","display_name":"Lithium","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A stronger apparent response can coexist with a lower maximum rate.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Species-specific influence of lithium on the activity of SLC13A5 (NaCT): lithium-induced activation is specific for the transporter in primates. · 2015 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25617245/ · DOI 10.1124/jpet.114.221523","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"14d00854-6962-5fab-8e96-e036ff7fa6d4","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 288-294","start_line":288,"end_line":294,"excerpt":"## lithium-nact-affinity\nA stronger apparent response can coexist with a lower maximum rate.\nLithium shifted human NaCT toward higher substrate affinity and lower transport capacity.\nModel: Cloned human transporter kinetic analysis.\nLimitations: Net flux depends on citrate and ion concentrations; not unconditional stimulation at every substrate level.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nSpecies-specific influence of lithium on the activity of SLC13A5 (NaCT): lithium-induced activation is specific for the transporter in primates. · 2015 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25617245/ · DOI 10.1124/jpet.114.221523","model_system":"Cloned human transporter kinetic analysis.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"b2dd2f3c-5c4c-5a12-9a0d-91b521ffcf98","stable_key":"import-b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4","title":"Lithium: metal-sensitive enzymes, transport and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. 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