{"id":"2cda0d86-e3d5-5044-8e6d-140adfcc7f92","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-ctla4-human","predicate":"modulates","statement":"Higher circulating butyrate and propionate were associated with resistance to CTLA-4 blockade in the human cancer cohorts.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"6d2e2a75-1d74-527b-b878-ee16743be495","mechanism_event_label":"A blood-metabolite association accompanied poorer response to one immunotherapy class.","subject":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"f6c64ddb-f92d-5044-b4e2-257b3113e314","slug":"human-ctla4-butyrate-association","display_name":"Circulating butyrate association with anti-CTLA-4 outcomes in humans","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"6d2e2a75-1d74-527b-b878-ee16743be495","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-ctla4-human-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"A blood-metabolite association accompanied poorer response to one immunotherapy class.","description":"Higher circulating butyrate and propionate were associated with resistance to CTLA-4 blockade in the human cancer cohorts.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"f6c64ddb-f92d-5044-b4e2-257b3113e314","slug":"human-ctla4-butyrate-association","display_name":"Circulating butyrate association with anti-CTLA-4 outcomes in humans","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human observational anti-CTLA-4 cohorts with separate mouse intervention experiments.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Association is not proof that butyrate supplements caused treatment failure or that findings extend to all immunotherapies.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A blood-metabolite association accompanied poorer response to one immunotherapy class.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Systemic short chain fatty acids limit antitumor effect of CTLA-4 blockade in hosts with cancer. · 2020 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358520/ · DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-16079-x","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"07b9957b-8b56-5f07-ba72-b8987d87659b","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 646-652","start_line":646,"end_line":652,"excerpt":"## butyrate-ctla4-human\nA blood-metabolite association accompanied poorer response to one immunotherapy class.\nHigher circulating butyrate and propionate were associated with resistance to CTLA-4 blockade in the human cancer cohorts.\nModel: Human observational anti-CTLA-4 cohorts with separate mouse intervention experiments.\nLimitations: Association is not proof that butyrate supplements caused treatment failure or that findings extend to all immunotherapies.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nSystemic short chain fatty acids limit antitumor effect of CTLA-4 blockade in hosts with cancer. · 2020 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358520/ · DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-16079-x","model_system":"Human observational anti-CTLA-4 cohorts with separate mouse intervention experiments.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"33205bb8-dcbe-5d2c-afca-86075d7748d1","stable_key":"import-104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4","title":"Butyrate: microbial production, fuel use, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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