{"id":"290e481a-ad40-51df-9db2-1bbb8bd0abc1","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:fsl-behavior","predicate":"context_dependent_observation","statement":"ALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"8909a42e-3297-50c5-abc4-b8e212ad6690","mechanism_event_label":"ALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.","subject":{"id":"5ce394a9-6ec6-56dd-866f-37d85c0556e4","slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"3dc17ac3-3645-59b4-b548-c62fcf386932","slug":"rat-fsl-depression-like-behavior","display_name":"Rat FSL immobility and sucrose-preference readouts","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"8909a42e-3297-50c5-abc4-b8e212ad6690","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:fsl-behavior-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"ALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.","description":"### fsl-behavior\n\nALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.\nReported persistence after withdrawal is a rodent behavioral observation, not a demonstrated three-day human antidepressant response.\nModel and exposure: 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal; early response at 3 days, followed through treatment and withdrawal.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: L-acetylcarnitine causes rapid antidepressant effects through the epigenetic induction of mGlu2 receptors. | 2013 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23382250/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3607061/ | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216100110 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"5ce394a9-6ec6-56dd-866f-37d85c0556e4","slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"ALCAR treatment","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"3dc17ac3-3645-59b4-b548-c62fcf386932","slug":"rat-fsl-depression-like-behavior","display_name":"Rat FSL immobility and sucrose-preference readouts","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"mixed","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"ALCAR treatment\", \"comparator\": \"Saline-treated FSL rats\", \"endpoint\": \"ALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.\", \"effect_direction\": \"mixed\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"100 mg/kg intraperitoneal; early response at 3 days, followed through treatment and withdrawal.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived curation with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Acetyl-L-carnitine collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"ALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"L-acetylcarnitine causes rapid antidepressant effects through the epigenetic induction of mGlu2 receptors. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23382250/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3607061/ | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216100110","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference fsl-behavior; Reported persistence after withdrawal is a rodent behavioral observation, not a demonstrated three-day human antidepressant response.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"a2836e15-a113-5ad1-9fb7-3a178e71d4d7","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 240-246","start_line":240,"end_line":246,"excerpt":"### fsl-behavior\n\nALCAR reduced immobility and increased sucrose preference in the reported FSL rat model.\nReported persistence after withdrawal is a rodent behavioral observation, not a demonstrated three-day human antidepressant response.\nModel and exposure: 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal; early response at 3 days, followed through treatment and withdrawal.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: L-acetylcarnitine causes rapid antidepressant effects through the epigenetic induction of mGlu2 receptors. | 2013 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23382250/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3607061/ | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216100110 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","model_system":"100 mg/kg intraperitoneal; early response at 3 days, followed through treatment and withdrawal.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"2588f904-245a-597a-8a12-65118013fb90","stable_key":"import-e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b","title":"Acetyl-L-carnitine: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 6 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original review of primary studies and clearly identified official records. Exact primary access is stated; no independent replication is claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"84cc82d6fbb0fd5d73c4ce779e9f88e7f0184ba2d29b18ad0f153815380f2975","revision_id":"dac7a950-dbe5-5c7a-9c70-2ea711d5c71a","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}