{"id":"28810380-9571-559b-acc2-a886e14b7695","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-beetroot-pk-null","predicate":"no_detectable_parent","statement":"Betanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"5df99210-4412-56ec-95b5-52e2f31e670b","mechanism_event_label":"Betanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.","subject":{"id":"54fd139e-8892-5769-88dd-221c45498905","slug":"beetroot-2017-pk-preparations","display_name":"Beetroot juice and whole beetroot in the 2017 pharmacokinetic study","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"1eef100f-8fee-546a-b5b9-5b40b64ff5b7","slug":"human-plasma-betanin","display_name":"Human plasma betanin exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"5df99210-4412-56ec-95b5-52e2f31e670b","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-beetroot-pk-null-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Betanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.","description":"Betanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"54fd139e-8892-5769-88dd-221c45498905","slug":"beetroot-2017-pk-preparations","display_name":"Beetroot juice and whole beetroot in the 2017 pharmacokinetic study","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1eef100f-8fee-546a-b5b9-5b40b64ff5b7","slug":"human-plasma-betanin","display_name":"Human plasma betanin exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"6c12bb61-c9c2-5c6d-a087-a292145ccaf0","slug":"betanin","display_name":"Betanin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"250 mL beetroot juice or 300 g whole beetroot versus placebo","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Baseline and 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract; detailed exposure for PMID 23931157 additionally checked in publisher results. No uninspected full text is claimed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-derived curation, not universally established human effects","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Ten healthy men in a randomized crossover study","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"An undetectable parent compound is not proof of zero absorption. Food matrix, degradation and analytical methods differ from the cactus pear study. NOx is not itself a measurement of a betanin mechanism.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Betalains collection; each molecular form, species, exposure and preparation remains explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"betalains","display_name":"Betalains","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Ten healthy men in a randomized crossover study","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Betanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"The plasma bioavailability of nitrate and betanin from Beta vulgaris rubra in humans. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26873098/ DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1173-5","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral food/drink","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Venous plasma","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"d00699c5-4bb9-5657-8580-71b055772e3b","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 527-535","start_line":527,"end_line":535,"excerpt":"## betalains-beetroot-pk-null\nBetanin was undetectable at all sampled plasma time points after beetroot juice or whole beetroot in this crossover study.\nModel/species: Ten healthy men in a randomized crossover study\nTissue: Venous plasma\nExposure: 250 mL beetroot juice or 300 g whole beetroot versus placebo\nRoute: Oral food/drink\nDuration: Baseline and 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 h\nLimits: An undetectable parent compound is not proof of zero absorption. Food matrix, degradation and analytical methods differ from the cactus pear study. NOx is not itself a measurement of a betanin mechanism.\nPrimary reference: The plasma bioavailability of nitrate and betanin from Beta vulgaris rubra in humans. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26873098/ DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1173-5","model_system":"Ten healthy men in a randomized crossover study","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; an original paraphrase with an individually identified primary reference.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"be94d093-444c-5729-8831-bc33b0ef2fd7","stable_key":"import-cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c","title":"Betalains: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twelve primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"adb4fb8586481a69da5d2fe5cf62ad1dae2509af524352673fc7427123eeda87","revision_id":"a328b3f9-66d2-59e2-bd8f-de651c3c7649","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}