{"id":"22cd1036-a472-5767-b47c-06d093dfbd7b","stable_key":"a9828b14-fbd7-57bf-9e01-0d52d1b42a1f:citrulline-low-protein-mps","predicate":"increased","statement":"Mixed-muscle fractional synthesis was higher with citrulline than the comparator, 0.060 versus 0.049, P=0.03.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"15d7cc61-7318-5f1f-8eaa-5d6a5da8a4d6","mechanism_event_label":"One muscle protein measure improved after a short low-protein diet.","subject":{"id":"f53c7bfb-3b91-56fe-bebd-28623cfe13a0","slug":"citrulline","display_name":"L-Citrulline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"b0ea81ff-4c20-51eb-8630-85a45343f0fe","slug":"mixed-muscle-protein-synthesis","display_name":"Mixed skeletal-muscle protein fractional synthesis rate","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"15d7cc61-7318-5f1f-8eaa-5d6a5da8a4d6","stable_key":"a9828b14-fbd7-57bf-9e01-0d52d1b42a1f:citrulline-low-protein-mps-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"One muscle protein measure improved after a short low-protein diet.","description":"Mixed-muscle fractional synthesis was higher with citrulline than the comparator, 0.060 versus 0.049, P=0.03.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f53c7bfb-3b91-56fe-bebd-28623cfe13a0","slug":"citrulline","display_name":"L-Citrulline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b0ea81ff-4c20-51eb-8630-85a45343f0fe","slug":"mixed-muscle-protein-synthesis","display_name":"Mixed skeletal-muscle protein fractional synthesis rate","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/citrulline-research/24972455.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"766ca1c6460f11fb78c1f94c02e42f53bf30269e7368cd62e0518e976e2b2995\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1703, \"text_sha256\": \"766ca1c6460f11fb78c1f94c02e42f53bf30269e7368cd62e0518e976e2b2995\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Crossover isotope muscle-protein synthesis pilot","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Oral citrulline versus a nonessential-amino-acid mixture over eight hours","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Acute fractional synthesis is not long-term muscle growth; participants were not representative of all malnourished or older people.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Citrulline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"citrulline","display_name":"L-Citrulline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human, eight healthy adults after three days of low protein intake","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"One muscle protein measure improved after a short low-protein diet.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[citrulline-p24972455] Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in the post-absorptive state in healthy people fed a low-protein diet - A pilot study. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24972455/ DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.019","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Mixed and mitochondrial muscle protein fractions","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"6f87e0ee-2d07-5cb8-90dc-b88e8952a4ef","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1035-1046","start_line":1035,"end_line":1046,"excerpt":"### citrulline-low-protein-mps\nMixed-muscle fractional synthesis was higher with citrulline than the comparator, 0.060 versus 0.049, P=0.03.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Citrulline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: One muscle protein measure improved after a short low-protein diet.\norganism: Human, eight healthy adults after three days of low protein intake\ntissue_or_cell_type: Mixed and mitochondrial muscle protein fractions\nexperimental_model: Crossover isotope muscle-protein synthesis pilot\nlimitations: Acute fractional synthesis is not long-term muscle growth; participants were not representative of all malnourished or older people.\nexposure: Oral citrulline versus a nonessential-amino-acid mixture over eight hours\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/citrulline-research/24972455.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"766ca1c6460f11fb78c1f94c02e42f53bf30269e7368cd62e0518e976e2b2995\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1703, \"text_sha256\": \"766ca1c6460f11fb78c1f94c02e42f53bf30269e7368cd62e0518e976e2b2995\"}\n[citrulline-p24972455] Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in the post-absorptive state in healthy people fed a low-protein diet - A pilot study. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24972455/ DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.019","model_system":"Crossover isotope muscle-protein synthesis pilot","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [citrulline-p24972455] Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in the post-absorptive state in healthy people fed a low-protein diet - A pilot study. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24972455/ DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.019","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"112fd375-aa2a-59d2-8afd-6b2849bb79ee","stable_key":"import-a9828b14-fbd7-57bf-9e01-0d52d1b42a1f","title":"Citrulline: arginine recycling, nitrogen disposal and nutrient connections (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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