{"id":"1ed51c3f-b102-5cb0-9083-806438db0e49","stable_key":"09b23d0d-35e2-51ff-b1aa-b4f9227e4fa2:isoleucine-human-airway-defensin","predicate":"induces_tested","statement":"L-isoleucine induced human beta-defensin-2 expression in A549 cells; the D-isoleucine comparison did not reproduce induction.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"ccb3a630-9498-5f27-8b0a-1f01bbf9c0a5","mechanism_event_label":"Chirality mattered in the airway-cell experiment.","subject":{"id":"c85b327e-f132-5d9a-8e4b-c2976fcc0373","slug":"isoleucine","display_name":"L-Isoleucine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"509520f9-8404-5057-8d37-26608e24e95d","slug":"human-beta-defensin-2","display_name":"Human beta-defensin 2","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"ccb3a630-9498-5f27-8b0a-1f01bbf9c0a5","stable_key":"09b23d0d-35e2-51ff-b1aa-b4f9227e4fa2:isoleucine-human-airway-defensin-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Chirality mattered in the airway-cell experiment.","description":"L-isoleucine induced human beta-defensin-2 expression in A549 cells; the D-isoleucine comparison did not reproduce induction.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"c85b327e-f132-5d9a-8e4b-c2976fcc0373","slug":"isoleucine","display_name":"L-Isoleucine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"509520f9-8404-5057-8d37-26608e24e95d","slug":"human-beta-defensin-2","display_name":"Human beta-defensin 2","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human A549 cells; reported peak L-form response at 25 micrograms/mL for eighteen hours.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Cancer-derived cell line and defined exposure; not a demonstrated dietary effect in human airways.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"L-Isoleucine collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"isoleucine","display_name":"L-Isoleucine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Chirality mattered in the airway-cell experiment.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Induction of β-defensins by l-isoleucine as novel immunotherapy in experimental murine tuberculosis. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21235540/ · DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04313.x","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"700b9302-e55d-5d9f-b144-6119b21d280e","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 442-448","start_line":442,"end_line":448,"excerpt":"## isoleucine-human-airway-defensin\nChirality mattered in the airway-cell experiment.\nL-isoleucine induced human beta-defensin-2 expression in A549 cells; the D-isoleucine comparison did not reproduce induction.\nModel: Human A549 cells; reported peak L-form response at 25 micrograms/mL for eighteen hours.\nLimitations: Cancer-derived cell line and defined exposure; not a demonstrated dietary effect in human airways.\nEvidence access: Primary full text\nInduction of β-defensins by l-isoleucine as novel immunotherapy in experimental murine tuberculosis. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21235540/ · DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04313.x","model_system":"Human A549 cells; reported peak L-form response at 25 micrograms/mL for eighteen hours.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"4b00f118-00fd-5cef-be97-13125eb958e9","stable_key":"import-09b23d0d-35e2-51ff-b1aa-b4f9227e4fa2","title":"L-Isoleucine: transport, translation, catabolism and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"2058ff0da379586994e7fda6ae0086c60fa3173542bfaf1fb3871ad3e09f9c6c","revision_id":"f32192d4-9913-5d35-acbc-cf90ff17995e","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}