{"id":"18d5a8e2-a895-533a-bd82-a21c01f8c032","stable_key":"16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0:moringa-child-vitamin-a-equivalence","predicate":"contributes_to","statement":"In fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"b60e67a6-558b-52ce-b0c5-08cf74a898db","mechanism_event_label":"In fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.","subject":{"id":"73c24cd4-9ae8-5897-8359-fa4d9e8edecb","slug":"beta-carotene","display_name":"All-trans-beta-carotene","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"ce392c9e-6483-5914-b18b-d6a2520dbbf6","slug":"vitamin-a","display_name":"Vitamin A","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"b60e67a6-558b-52ce-b0c5-08cf74a898db","stable_key":"16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0:moringa-child-vitamin-a-equivalence-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"In fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.","description":"In fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"73c24cd4-9ae8-5897-8359-fa4d9e8edecb","slug":"beta-carotene","display_name":"All-trans-beta-carotene","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ce392c9e-6483-5914-b18b-d6a2520dbbf6","slug":"vitamin-a","display_name":"Vitamin A","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"4ffd02ea-69ae-5105-8ae4-950e6aa70cc7","slug":"moringa","display_name":"Moringa oleifera","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"148c57d8-c658-5769-89e8-1194cef2a782","slug":"retinol","display_name":"All-trans-retinol","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Pureed labeled Moringa leaves providing 1 mg beta-carotene plus a reference retinyl-acetate dose","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Thirty-five-day isotope sampling","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Fifteen Mexican children aged 17-35 months","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Children were well nourished with adequate vitamin A stores; the estimate may differ with deficiency, food matrix, genetics and infection.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Moringa oleifera chapter; interacting nutrients, drugs, peptides and proteins retain their experimental settings.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"moringa","display_name":"Moringa oleifera","entity_type_key":"botanical"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Fifteen Mexican children aged 17-35 months","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"In fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Use of a \"Super-child\" Approach to Assess the Vitamin A Equivalence of Moringa oleifera Leaves, Develop a Compartmental Model for Vitamin A Kinetics, and Estimate Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Young Mexican Children. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28931584/ DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.256974","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Stable-isotope plasma retinol kinetics","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"6f285e7f-1cf8-5648-9bbe-c3f2982ab9c0","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 233-242","start_line":233,"end_line":242,"excerpt":"## moringa-child-vitamin-a-equivalence\nIn fifteen well-nourished young children, intrinsically labeled beta-carotene from pureed Moringa leaves had 28% relative bioefficacy and an estimated vitamin A equivalence of 3.3:1 by weight.\nModel/species: Fifteen Mexican children aged 17-35 months\nTissue/system: Stable-isotope plasma retinol kinetics\nExposure: Pureed labeled Moringa leaves providing 1 mg beta-carotene plus a reference retinyl-acetate dose\nRoute: Oral\nDuration: Thirty-five-day isotope sampling\nLimits: Children were well nourished with adequate vitamin A stores; the estimate may differ with deficiency, food matrix, genetics and infection.\nPrimary reference: Use of a \"Super-child\" Approach to Assess the Vitamin A Equivalence of Moringa oleifera Leaves, Develop a Compartmental Model for Vitamin A Kinetics, and Estimate Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Young Mexican Children. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28931584/ DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.256974\nAccess: Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.","model_system":"Fifteen Mexican children aged 17-35 months","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span with primary citation; not a publisher quotation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"2752e9b3-e4b9-55fe-be07-944204cca4b8","stable_key":"import-16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0","title":"Moringa oleifera: mechanism of action and interactions (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted source-specific curation with primary-study citations, model, exposure, route, duration, negative findings and limitations preserved. 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