{"id":"13627ca5-b44a-5367-b6db-ff3671162104","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:mouse-il2","predicate":"increases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"Allicin pretreatment followed by washing enhanced subsequent IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"17ed9f99-e3b7-5be3-a2ad-26aa10789701","mechanism_event_label":"Allicin pretreatment followed by washing enhanced subsequent IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells.","subject":{"id":"85c86fcf-3060-5fae-b567-4f089990ab2d","slug":"allicin","display_name":"Allicin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"8fa3ba7b-b89f-51b0-b137-c3bfa0f410ae","slug":"mouse-el4-il2-release","display_name":"IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"17ed9f99-e3b7-5be3-a2ad-26aa10789701","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:mouse-il2-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Allicin pretreatment followed by washing enhanced subsequent IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells.","description":"**Cytoskeleton and zinc.** In separate mouse-cell experiments in the same paper, 25–100 µM allicin disrupted L929 fibroblast actin organization after ten minutes. In EL-4 cells, 25 µM increased labile zinc at thirty minutes. For the IL-2 experiment, cells received 25 µM allicin for thirty minutes, were washed and supplied fresh medium, then received 0.5 ng/mL IL-1β for twenty-four hours; allicin pretreatment enhanced the stimulated IL-2 response. Detecting SOD1 modification in human Jurkat cells does not prove that SOD1 supplied the released zinc in mouse EL-4 cells. These outcomes do not establish improved human zinc nutrition or immune protection. [Gruhlke 2019](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"85c86fcf-3060-5fae-b567-4f089990ab2d","slug":"allicin","display_name":"Allicin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Allicin pretreatment, wash, then IL-1beta stimulation","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8fa3ba7b-b89f-51b0-b137-c3bfa0f410ae","slug":"mouse-el4-il2-release","display_name":"IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"increase","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"49c806c2-7041-5020-8b3b-fa04ffa122ac","slug":"zinc-ion","display_name":"Zinc(II) ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"associated labile-zinc response, not separately manipulated in this contrast","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"e9fa1ab4-707e-5ff9-9d60-11f503b54c58","slug":"il1b","display_name":"Interleukin-1 beta / IL1B","entity_type_key":"cytokine"},"role":"subsequently added cytokine stimulus","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text available; selected claim-relevant methods, results, tables/figures and limitations reviewed. Supplemental proteome and all secondary findings are not exhaustively extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"pretreatment followed by wash","comparator":"IL-1beta stimulation without allicin pretreatment","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"allicin","display_name":"Allicin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"subsequent stimulation","comparator":"IL-1beta stimulation without allicin pretreatment","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"il1b","display_name":"Interleukin-1 beta / IL1B","entity_type_key":"cytokine"}},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Allicin pretreatment, wash, then IL-1beta stimulation\", \"comparator\": \"IL-1beta stimulation without allicin pretreatment\", \"endpoint\": \"Allicin pretreatment followed by washing enhanced subsequent IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells.\", \"effect_direction\": \"increase\", \"combination\": \"joint\", \"conditions\": [{\"entity_slug\": \"allicin\", \"state\": \"pretreatment followed by wash\"}, {\"entity_slug\": \"il1b\", \"state\": \"subsequent stimulation\"}]}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse EL-4: allicin 25 uM for 30 minutes, wash and fresh medium, then IL-1beta 0.5 ng/mL for 24 hours.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Sequential joint condition; not simultaneous exposure, basal IL-2 enhancement or human immune protection.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Allicin pretreatment followed by washing enhanced subsequent IL-1beta-stimulated IL-2 production in mouse EL-4 cells.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"The human allicin-proteome: S-thioallylation of proteins by the garlic defence substance allicin and its biological effects. | 2019 | DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.022 | PMID 30500420 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30500420/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.022","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 45-45; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"389b58ac-a4ed-5188-89ca-1a04907d265c","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 45-45","start_line":45,"end_line":45,"excerpt":"**Cytoskeleton and zinc.** In separate mouse-cell experiments in the same paper, 25–100 µM allicin disrupted L929 fibroblast actin organization after ten minutes. In EL-4 cells, 25 µM increased labile zinc at thirty minutes. For the IL-2 experiment, cells received 25 µM allicin for thirty minutes, were washed and supplied fresh medium, then received 0.5 ng/mL IL-1β for twenty-four hours; allicin pretreatment enhanced the stimulated IL-2 response. Detecting SOD1 modification in human Jurkat cells does not prove that SOD1 supplied the released zinc in mouse EL-4 cells. These outcomes do not establish improved human zinc nutrition or immune protection. [Gruhlke 2019](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/)","model_system":"Mouse EL-4: allicin 25 uM for 30 minutes, wash and fresh medium, then IL-1beta 0.5 ng/mL for 24 hours.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"10820a6b-594a-547d-97f9-906ab4cc1d6e","stable_key":"import-c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8","title":"Allicin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"2475d3eb681100a0a34577a47b7cba5b251df866fbd6ce795122ccabee360018","revision_id":"590df96d-2ed1-5763-b04c-bf0e096e603c","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}