{"id":"1237b4cf-2b76-542d-8b96-15c4bdacf63f","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-caco2-passive-transport","predicate":"shows_nonpolarized_transport","statement":"Indicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"368918e4-a833-58f5-a965-70d61c0cba29","mechanism_event_label":"Indicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.","subject":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"c92e133a-dd5c-5e93-8b89-ef96c3539e56","slug":"human-caco2-indicaxanthin-permeability","display_name":"Apparent indicaxanthin permeability in human Caco-2 monolayers","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"368918e4-a833-58f5-a965-70d61c0cba29","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-caco2-passive-transport-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Indicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.","description":"Indicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"c92e133a-dd5c-5e93-8b89-ef96c3539e56","slug":"human-caco2-indicaxanthin-permeability","display_name":"Apparent indicaxanthin permeability in human Caco-2 monolayers","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Dietary-consistent pigment concentrations, exact range not in accessed abstract; pH 6.0/7.4 gradient","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Time-course assay; exact interval not in accessed abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human Caco-2 epithelial monolayers on Transwell inserts","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Cell permeability is not a human absorption fraction. MRP2-mediated efflux in this paper concerns betanin, not indicaxanthin. Different protocols limit comparison with the 2022 transport paper. A paracellular contribution is supported; no specific transporter is assigned.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human Caco-2 epithelial monolayers on Transwell inserts","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Indicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Trans-epithelial transport of the betalain pigments indicaxanthin and betanin across Caco-2 cell monolayers and influence of food matrix. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22806766/ DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0414-5","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"In vitro transepithelial transport","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Apical/basolateral compartments","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"caae896c-d096-58fd-ac35-6e01d8883fd4","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 74-83","start_line":74,"end_line":83,"excerpt":"## indicaxanthin-caco2-passive-transport\nIndicaxanthin transport was non-polarized and insensitive to the tested transporter inhibitors; EDTA treatment increased its passage.\nModel/species: Human Caco-2 epithelial monolayers on Transwell inserts\nTissue: Apical/basolateral compartments\nExposure: Dietary-consistent pigment concentrations, exact range not in accessed abstract; pH 6.0/7.4 gradient\nRoute: In vitro transepithelial transport\nDuration: Time-course assay; exact interval not in accessed abstract\nLimits: Cell permeability is not a human absorption fraction. MRP2-mediated efflux in this paper concerns betanin, not indicaxanthin. Different protocols limit comparison with the 2022 transport paper. A paracellular contribution is supported; no specific transporter is assigned.\nPrimary reference: Trans-epithelial transport of the betalain pigments indicaxanthin and betanin across Caco-2 cell monolayers and influence of food matrix. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22806766/ DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0414-5\nAccess: Primary PubMed abstract.","model_system":"Human Caco-2 epithelial monolayers on Transwell inserts","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; original paraphrase with primary citation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"18b7303c-98b7-54cb-ae8e-a8c6257657b1","stable_key":"import-c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb","title":"Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"fd5e7b3a108073af5a8cad0e226a483ae2cda3b0e1daed387553ee441acecd5f","revision_id":"f3357c22-1be7-5502-b4f5-415d19c3cf5a","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}