{"id":"12168591-49a0-5bc7-b3c4-0b7353cd3d04","stable_key":"4d8e4781-3878-5818-8d0a-7dbd6e024555:chromium-insulin-urinary-chromium","predicate":"increases","statement":"Insulin-associated urinary chromium loss increased alongside a low-molecular-weight fraction interpreted as probable chromodulin in the rat study.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"de87f952-d84f-5b73-a54a-4579d97a8c88","mechanism_event_label":"The experiment links insulin exposure to chromium loss, but the identity and physiological role of the urinary complex need qualification.","subject":{"id":"d7ab69c0-cd7d-587c-b315-47af56493182","slug":"insulin","display_name":"Insulin","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"1772161b-6891-5d30-a5bb-3c7616208b84","slug":"urinary-chromium-excretion","display_name":"Urinary chromium excretion","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"de87f952-d84f-5b73-a54a-4579d97a8c88","stable_key":"4d8e4781-3878-5818-8d0a-7dbd6e024555:chromium-insulin-urinary-chromium-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"The experiment links insulin exposure to chromium loss, but the identity and physiological role of the urinary complex need qualification.","description":"Insulin-associated urinary chromium loss increased alongside a low-molecular-weight fraction interpreted as probable chromodulin in the rat study.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"2d160bdf-c463-5f93-9e50-137f41a1f369","slug":"chromium-iii","display_name":"Trivalent chromium / Cr(III)","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"excreted_metal","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d7ab69c0-cd7d-587c-b315-47af56493182","slug":"insulin","display_name":"Insulin","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1772161b-6891-5d30-a5bb-3c7616208b84","slug":"urinary-chromium-excretion","display_name":"Urinary chromium excretion","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/chromium-research/11472024.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"8760ddbb2dd372b94d71880c6c95441fb876ed2196b4f111988aae1244b3daba\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1224, \"text_sha256\": \"8760ddbb2dd372b94d71880c6c95441fb876ed2196b4f111988aae1244b3daba\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"In-vivo chromium tracing with insulin stimulation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Administered chromium with transferrin transport and insulin comparisons","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Rat tracer findings do not establish a required human insulin-signaling cofactor. Identification of urinary chromodulin was tentative in the indexed abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"chromium","display_name":"Chromium","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Rat","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The experiment links insulin exposure to chromium loss, but the identity and physiological role of the urinary complex need qualification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[chromium-p11472024] The trail of chromium(III) in vivo from the blood to the urine: the roles of transferrin and chromodulin. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472024/ DOI: 10.1007/s007750100238","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Blood, tissues and urine","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"d7de57ff-09d6-53f1-9884-0a77552b5e34","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 211-222","start_line":211,"end_line":222,"excerpt":"### chromium-insulin-urinary-chromium\nInsulin-associated urinary chromium loss increased alongside a low-molecular-weight fraction interpreted as probable chromodulin in the rat study.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Chromium research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: The experiment links insulin exposure to chromium loss, but the identity and physiological role of the urinary complex need qualification.\norganism: Rat\ntissue_or_cell_type: Blood, tissues and urine\nexperimental_model: In-vivo chromium tracing with insulin stimulation\nlimitations: Rat tracer findings do not establish a required human insulin-signaling cofactor. Identification of urinary chromodulin was tentative in the indexed abstract.\nexposure: Administered chromium with transferrin transport and insulin comparisons\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/chromium-research/11472024.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"8760ddbb2dd372b94d71880c6c95441fb876ed2196b4f111988aae1244b3daba\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1224, \"text_sha256\": \"8760ddbb2dd372b94d71880c6c95441fb876ed2196b4f111988aae1244b3daba\"}\n[chromium-p11472024] The trail of chromium(III) in vivo from the blood to the urine: the roles of transferrin and chromodulin. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472024/ DOI: 10.1007/s007750100238","model_system":"In-vivo chromium tracing with insulin stimulation","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [chromium-p11472024] The trail of chromium(III) in vivo from the blood to the urine: the roles of transferrin and chromodulin. (2001). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472024/ DOI: 10.1007/s007750100238","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"fa96342a-ca01-5425-98d9-d50e29bf0abd","stable_key":"import-4d8e4781-3878-5818-8d0a-7dbd6e024555","title":"Chromium: transport, insulin signaling, nutrient interactions and essentiality debate (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"6cae22f9104c6de041b25c23b0fd2884cc57707ac0c9a87c20b0e665d16de5ab","revision_id":"22893798-8329-5295-9c9d-82169032fc79","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}