{"id":"0e21df81-984e-5a10-bb7b-7f56b77b68f7","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-ctla4-costimulation","predicate":"reduces","statement":"Butyrate restrained anti-CTLA-4-induced dendritic-cell CD80/CD86 and T-cell ICOS upregulation, with fewer tumor-specific and memory T cells in mice.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"81e07134-cdb6-50b6-9039-5135370a829e","mechanism_event_label":"The proposed interaction involved how immune cells activate one another.","subject":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"e498c64a-8b80-5d10-abc6-cf6c977a577c","slug":"mouse-ctla4-costimulation","display_name":"Mouse dendritic/T-cell costimulation during anti-CTLA-4 treatment","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"81e07134-cdb6-50b6-9039-5135370a829e","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-ctla4-costimulation-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"The proposed interaction involved how immune cells activate one another.","description":"Butyrate restrained anti-CTLA-4-induced dendritic-cell CD80/CD86 and T-cell ICOS upregulation, with fewer tumor-specific and memory T cells in mice.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"e498c64a-8b80-5d10-abc6-cf6c977a577c","slug":"mouse-ctla4-costimulation","display_name":"Mouse dendritic/T-cell costimulation during anti-CTLA-4 treatment","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse immunophenotyping during anti-CTLA-4 therapy.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Reduced signals in this setting are not a universal description of all T-cell responses.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The proposed interaction involved how immune cells activate one another.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Systemic short chain fatty acids limit antitumor effect of CTLA-4 blockade in hosts with cancer. · 2020 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358520/ · DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-16079-x","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"511503a8-3a74-52f7-8138-d6d3ae2c8c03","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 662-668","start_line":662,"end_line":668,"excerpt":"## butyrate-ctla4-costimulation\nThe proposed interaction involved how immune cells activate one another.\nButyrate restrained anti-CTLA-4-induced dendritic-cell CD80/CD86 and T-cell ICOS upregulation, with fewer tumor-specific and memory T cells in mice.\nModel: Mouse immunophenotyping during anti-CTLA-4 therapy.\nLimitations: Reduced signals in this setting are not a universal description of all T-cell responses.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nSystemic short chain fatty acids limit antitumor effect of CTLA-4 blockade in hosts with cancer. · 2020 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358520/ · DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-16079-x","model_system":"Mouse immunophenotyping during anti-CTLA-4 therapy.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"33205bb8-dcbe-5d2c-afca-86075d7748d1","stable_key":"import-104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4","title":"Butyrate: microbial production, fuel use, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"a1253eb4426fc45d7b7c113028aa4ba2e9f89a9653272f3795437fc222bad558","revision_id":"c2320e65-a252-57a9-8838-7abf3d23400e","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}