{"id":"06ad034b-6ed1-5ea7-9188-7c05d00d402b","stable_key":"6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc:l-carnitine-atb-carnitine","predicate":"transports","statement":"Expressing mouse ATB0,+ in HRPE cells enabled carnitine transport requiring both sodium and chloride; activation analysis was consistent with two sodium ions and one chloride ion.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"648e7648-5061-5aa5-abd7-ad9763efbe1c","mechanism_event_label":"A second uptake route couples carnitine to both salt ions.","subject":{"id":"b6a4708a-bb18-5557-8e3c-644024c4eb22","slug":"mouse-slc6a14","display_name":"Mouse amino-acid transporter ATB0,+ / Slc6a14","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"6e34c035-9371-578f-b799-fd2a14e9e40f","slug":"l-carnitine","display_name":"L-Carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"648e7648-5061-5aa5-abd7-ad9763efbe1c","stable_key":"6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc:l-carnitine-atb-carnitine-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"A second uptake route couples carnitine to both salt ions.","description":"Expressing mouse ATB0,+ in HRPE cells enabled carnitine transport requiring both sodium and chloride; activation analysis was consistent with two sodium ions and one chloride ion.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"b6a4708a-bb18-5557-8e3c-644024c4eb22","slug":"mouse-slc6a14","display_name":"Mouse amino-acid transporter ATB0,+ / Slc6a14","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"6e34c035-9371-578f-b799-fd2a14e9e40f","slug":"l-carnitine","display_name":"L-Carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"38de8704-84db-5770-ac1d-242cd787e798","slug":"sodium-ion","display_name":"Sodium ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"6f35aa38-f875-5759-b749-97a2f6480ff3","slug":"chloride-ion","display_name":"Chloride ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse colon transporter expressed in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and frog oocytes.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"The transporter is mouse-derived even in a human host cell; dietary sodium/chloride effects were not tested.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"L-Carnitine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"l-carnitine","display_name":"L-Carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A second uptake route couples carnitine to both salt ions.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Na+- and Cl--coupled active transport of carnitine by the amino acid transporter ATB(0,+) from mouse colon expressed in HRPE cells and Xenopus oocytes. · 2001 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11306651/ · DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0297f.x","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_effect","value_text":"raises","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Carnitine transport requiring both sodium and chloride, which is inward.","entity":null},{"dimension":"transport_pool","value_text":"the expressing cell","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Carnitine transport requiring both sodium and chloride, which is inward.","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"34164f08-a65c-5660-bfb9-26a36cead6b4","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 466-472","start_line":466,"end_line":472,"excerpt":"## l-carnitine-atb-carnitine\nA second uptake route couples carnitine to both salt ions.\nExpressing mouse ATB0,+ in HRPE cells enabled carnitine transport requiring both sodium and chloride; activation analysis was consistent with two sodium ions and one chloride ion.\nModel: Mouse colon transporter expressed in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and frog oocytes.\nLimitations: The transporter is mouse-derived even in a human host cell; dietary sodium/chloride effects were not tested.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nNa+- and Cl--coupled active transport of carnitine by the amino acid transporter ATB(0,+) from mouse colon expressed in HRPE cells and Xenopus oocytes. · 2001 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11306651/ · DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0297f.x","model_system":"Mouse colon transporter expressed in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and frog oocytes.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e2c9c42b-806a-55e2-abde-b0320ea94704","stable_key":"import-6cdb37aa-8998-5ea8-829d-4f995caf98fc","title":"L-Carnitine: synthesis, acyl-group transport, fuel selection and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"6fcd86d9d02babb48b2ce658d506afe84580ad4b242f93f11f742d934fa5b361","revision_id":"398e3b52-45bc-52e3-891e-656c19ca674f","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}