{"id":"018472c7-8a61-559d-8a6c-28aaaad8ab53","stable_key":"7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5:berberine-ampk","predicate":"activates","statement":"Berberine increased AMPK phosphorylation in L6 myotubes.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"4e4bbd6c-99b5-5303-9cba-23d39479bf49","mechanism_event_label":"AMPK responds to the altered cellular energy state in this model.","subject":{"id":"7bbe0633-b2f1-510f-adc0-3c4d0ddad05d","slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"378e97ad-f6dc-5b66-a889-e95543049489","slug":"rat-ampk-complexes","display_name":"Rat AMP-activated protein kinase complexes","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"4e4bbd6c-99b5-5303-9cba-23d39479bf49","stable_key":"7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5:berberine-ampk-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"AMPK responds to the altered cellular energy state in this model.","description":"Berberine increased AMPK phosphorylation in L6 myotubes.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"7bbe0633-b2f1-510f-adc0-3c4d0ddad05d","slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"378e97ad-f6dc-5b66-a889-e95543049489","slug":"rat-ampk-complexes","display_name":"Rat AMP-activated protein kinase complexes","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/berberine-research/18285556.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"cd721d78117d554be4fdb0403ac792f6723cf59cfd3679106607e8f17eafc257\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1735, \"text_sha256\": \"cd721d78117d554be4fdb0403ac792f6723cf59cfd3679106607e8f17eafc257\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Cell respiration, isolated mitochondria and kinase perturbation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Berberine concentration-response; kinase deletion/inhibition","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Functional respiratory inhibition does not by itself establish direct binding to complex I or improved mitochondrial health. Preclinical exposure, not human efficacy.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Rat L6 myotubes, muscle mitochondria and LKB1-deficient cells","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"AMPK responds to the altered cellular energy state in this model.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[berberine-p18285556] Berberine and its more biologically available derivative, dihydroberberine, inhibit mitochondrial respiratory complex I: a mechanism for the action of berberine to activate AMP-activated protein kinase and improve insulin action. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18285556/ DOI: 10.2337/db07-1552","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Respiratory complex I and AMPK","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"347f8460-77f7-5595-a348-0848ee255b55","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 337-348","start_line":337,"end_line":348,"excerpt":"### berberine-ampk\nBerberine increased AMPK phosphorylation in L6 myotubes.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: AMPK responds to the altered cellular energy state in this model.\norganism: Rat L6 myotubes, muscle mitochondria and LKB1-deficient cells\ntissue_or_cell_type: Respiratory complex I and AMPK\nexperimental_model: Cell respiration, isolated mitochondria and kinase perturbation\nlimitations: Functional respiratory inhibition does not by itself establish direct binding to complex I or improved mitochondrial health. Preclinical exposure, not human efficacy.\nexposure: Berberine concentration-response; kinase deletion/inhibition\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/berberine-research/18285556.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"cd721d78117d554be4fdb0403ac792f6723cf59cfd3679106607e8f17eafc257\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1735, \"text_sha256\": \"cd721d78117d554be4fdb0403ac792f6723cf59cfd3679106607e8f17eafc257\"}\n[berberine-p18285556] Berberine and its more biologically available derivative, dihydroberberine, inhibit mitochondrial respiratory complex I: a mechanism for the action of berberine to activate AMP-activated protein kinase and improve insulin action. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18285556/ DOI: 10.2337/db07-1552","model_system":"Cell respiration, isolated mitochondria and kinase perturbation","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [berberine-p18285556] Berberine and its more biologically available derivative, dihydroberberine, inhibit mitochondrial respiratory complex I: a mechanism for the action of berberine to activate AMP-activated protein kinase and improve insulin action. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18285556/ DOI: 10.2337/db07-1552","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"9bb61e1d-e5cf-5b05-a9ca-409291f7a313","stable_key":"import-7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5","title":"Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"2f376a035ae79c93e62e2ea4a8d5385643bf16553f108d12b6a80c89e6d41f4c","revision_id":"2a099429-1c4a-55be-aa2c-0565d08bda80","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}