{"id":"00b66fc6-3b47-522f-b07b-18507f7bed99","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-aldh1a1-immune","predicate":"modulates","statement":"Butyrate promoted Aldh1a1 and Il10 expression in mouse dendritic/macrophage experiments through Gpr109a signaling.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"5934eedc-d7e0-5349-b44a-99b928e58d3f","mechanism_event_label":"A butyrate signal connected to vitamin A processing and immune regulation.","subject":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"f6e48d30-38d6-52be-bea7-1e10fc7c024b","slug":"mouse-aldh1a1","display_name":"Mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 / Aldh1a1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"5934eedc-d7e0-5349-b44a-99b928e58d3f","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-aldh1a1-immune-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"A butyrate signal connected to vitamin A processing and immune regulation.","description":"Butyrate promoted Aldh1a1 and Il10 expression in mouse dendritic/macrophage experiments through Gpr109a signaling.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"f6e48d30-38d6-52be-bea7-1e10fc7c024b","slug":"mouse-aldh1a1","display_name":"Mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 / Aldh1a1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"c9d27457-988d-5d60-bba4-44e320789996","slug":"mouse-hcar2","display_name":"Mouse Hcar2 / PUMA-G receptor","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"4f0806a8-80a5-5921-a804-7866f51bc169","slug":"mouse-il10","display_name":"Mouse interleukin-10 / Il10","entity_type_key":"cytokine"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"05487b29-8c59-5af8-83cf-cf9c79c5ecb8","slug":"all-trans-retinoic-acid","display_name":"All-trans-retinoic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text, Figure 2","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse immune-cell stimulation and Hcar2-deficient comparisons.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"ALDH expression does not by itself measure retinoic-acid flux or establish dietary vitamin A deficiency.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A butyrate signal connected to vitamin A processing and immune regulation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Activation of Gpr109a, receptor for niacin and the commensal metabolite butyrate, suppresses colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24412617/ · DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.12.007","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"ae4979eb-334c-580c-8bc3-cd676a79aa65","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 366-372","start_line":366,"end_line":372,"excerpt":"## butyrate-aldh1a1-immune\nA butyrate signal connected to vitamin A processing and immune regulation.\nButyrate promoted Aldh1a1 and Il10 expression in mouse dendritic/macrophage experiments through Gpr109a signaling.\nModel: Mouse immune-cell stimulation and Hcar2-deficient comparisons.\nLimitations: ALDH expression does not by itself measure retinoic-acid flux or establish dietary vitamin A deficiency.\nEvidence access: Primary full text, Figure 2\nActivation of Gpr109a, receptor for niacin and the commensal metabolite butyrate, suppresses colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24412617/ · DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.12.007","model_system":"Mouse immune-cell stimulation and Hcar2-deficient comparisons.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; 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